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Period: to
Intelligence
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Francis Galton
A test was given to asses one's intelegent strength, but proved to be false -
The First Real IQ Test
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon invented the first real IQ test to distinguish the mentally retarded from the 'normal'. -
Definition by Binet
Binet defined intelligence as the capacity to form concepts, to reason well, and to comprehend well. -
Stanford-Binet Scale
Lewis Terman (1916) created the Stanford-Binet Scale,
which incorporated old items from the Binet scale, plus
some new items -
US Army Testing
US Army uses inaccurate testing to determine the intelligence of their troops -
Definition by Thorndike
Defined inteliligence as the power of good responses from the point of view of truth or fact -
Defiinition by Spearman
Intelligence is defined as a general ability involving mainly the ability to see relations and correlates -
Stanford-binet scale improved
The 1937 revision of the scale was improved:
– It had wider range (more room on the floor floor and
ceiling)
– It had two parallel forms to permit re-testing
– It was standardized on a carefully selected population,
of 100 children in each six-month interval from 6 to 14
years, and 100 in each year from 15 to 18, with control
of sex, selected from 17 different communities
• Alas, they were all white and (therefore) above
average SES -
Wechler
Intelligence was defined as the global capacity of an
individual to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal
effectively with the environment -
Gulifords Structure of Intelligence
States: an individual's performance on intelligence tests can be traced back to the underlying mental abilities or factors of intelligence. -
Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner publishes "Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences" -
Definition by Gardner
Intelligence is defined as the ability to solve problems or fashion products valued within some setting
