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Between towns and trading post along coastlines from Arabia to the Indian subcontinent, travelers would travel in small canoes
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Millet and sorghum grains imported from the East African coast were part of the cuisine of the Harappan civilization, which stretched across today’s Pakistan and northern India. The Harappan's likely received woolen textiles in exchange.
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India produced and traded cotton textiles, replacing wool clothing worn in most countries
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The Dutch and English E. India had the most impact on the Indian Ocean Trade Network, not the portuegese
European Imperialism had the effect on Indians, large numbers of Indians went to E. Africa as merchants, and contract laborers for opportunities -
Because most traders were Islam, the official language was arabic
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Imports and trades from Asia were cotton, silk, and porcelain objects.
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Chinese Invent Gunpowder
The Chinese invented gunpowder, mostly used for fireworks, but it was traded with other regions a few years later. -
Cultures like India & E Africa were represented along the Indian Ocean Trade Network Chinese workers and merchants went into SE Asia, they were both transformed by migrant groups Merchants brought in priests to serve spiritual needs but also to spread Religion
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The indigo plant was a valuable plant. Chinese silks were also dyed with indigo during this period. As the name shows, indigo was first cultivated for dye in India
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The dhow was a sailing vessel utilized on these trades routes to transport merchandise. When coupled with the lateen sail (c. 200 CE) it made for an efficient mode of transport.
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Foreign merchants and missionaries spread religion.
Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism - 600 BCE - 300 BCE
Christianity - 100 CE - 700 CE
Islam - 632 CE - 75- CE -
Greek and Roman sailors and traders enter the Indian Ocean
Traded ceramics, glassware, wine, gold, olive oil. -
A naval officer for Alexander the Great who led his fleet from the Indus River to the Persian Gulf.
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Alexandria's ideal location along both the Mediterranean Sea and the Nile River made it the center of trade routes connecting Rome to inner Africa, the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula, and Asia.
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Ptolemies learned about monsoon system in Indian Ocean.
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Sea lanes joined Asia, Africa and the Mediterranean into one network.
India traded spices and pepper.
Persia and Egypt traded grain.
Mediterranean traded wine and oil. -
The Kushan coin was one of the coins used to trade along the Indian Ocean network. The rule of the Kushans linked the seagoing trade of the Indian Ocean with the commerce of the Silk Road through the long-civilized Indus Valley.
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The three main Roman ports involved with eastern trade were Arsinoe, Berenice and Myos Hormos.
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The regional ports of Barbaricum, Sounagoura Barygaza, Muziris in Kerala, Korkai, Kaveripattinam and Arikamedu on the southern tip of present-day India were the main centers of this trade, along with Kodumanal, an inland city. Roman trades included figured linens, topaz, coral, storax, frankincense, vessels of glass, silver and gold plate, and a little wine.
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Greek explorer who traveled the monsoon wind system of the Indian Ocean bringing back cargo of precious stones and aromatics. His second trip was a failure as he disappeared on the return voyage.
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Expansion of trade due to the Pax Romana.
Begun under the rule of Augustus Caesar, a period of peace in the Roman Empire allowed trade to flourish. -
The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
A guide to travel and trade in the Indian Ocean by a first century merchant. -
Spread of epidemic disease
The Han Empire and the Roman Empire suffered large-scale outbreaks of epidemic disease, likely due to contact with merchants.