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In the year 1919, a boy named Merritt Beattie who suffered from a few disabilities was expelled from school due to the students' and teachers' feeling negatively of his appearance. Keep in mind, his academic performance was not affected by his physical disabilities. When presented to the Wisconsin Supreme Court it was ruled that schools could indeed do this. But with time students with disabilities were allowed in these schools. But unfortunately still separated from their peers. -
The Council for Exceptional Children also known as the CEC was the first form of advocacy for children with disabilities. Their main goal is to improve the educational experience of children with disabilities. Oftentimes these students receive little to no accommodations but with this council, things were able to change and more children were included and seen as equals among their peers. -
Brown v. Board of Education was a Supreme Court ruling that declared racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. This opened many doors for children of color as they were placed equally and seen as equals among their white peers. This greatly impacted the then Civil Rights movement, although schools were not immediately segregated overnight. The victory was still celebrated as such.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aX9Dmo24_cc&ab_channel=StateBarofGeorgia -
A non-profit association built to bring awareness to the prevention of learning disabilities, identifying their causes, and bettering the lives of all those who live with learning disabilities as well as their families. They also advocate for the rights of those with disabilities. Some of the ways they live up to these commitments are by informing the community they are helping with new information, holding fundraisers to help research funding, and more.
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The Elementary and Secondary Education Act also known as ESEA was our nation's education law. This law was passed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to ensure limitless access to education, and the required academic inclusion of students with disabilities. In 2001 this act became known as No Child Left Behind. Although it still holds itself to the same commitment it expanded by placing a focus on the parents of children with disabilities and creating more options for them as well. -
This ruling sided with the inclusion of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in state-run institutions. It demanded that students with disabilities be placed in publicly funded school settings with everyone else. These school settings were to make sure they met the individual educational needs of these students. This was a pure calling for inclusion.
https://www.pubintlaw.org/cases-and-projects/pennsylvania-association-for-retarded-citizens-parc-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/ -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act called for protection from discrimination of special needs and disabilities. This law was considered the first law of its kind granting protection to students with special needs. Not only this but this denies employers and organizations the right to exclude or deny a fair chance to people with disabilities of any kind.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULmCGI0tndI&ab_channel=ChildrensLawCenterDC -
This act serves as a Civil Rights law. It holds a gurantee that all people with special gifts and disabilities will have the same rights as everyone. This includes in schools, work, benefits, transportations, and awards. It can be seen that throughout history, this promise is constantly readdressed, possibly due to the lack of seriousness it was given. -
IDEA stands for The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and approves and reinforces all aspects of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act 1975. This act was signed by George W. Bush in 1990 and 13 new disabilities were addressed under this act. The expansion of the categories of disabilities helps with the expansion of those who can receive care and benefits. -
No Child Left Behind is the 2004 reauthorization of the IDEA Act signed by President George W. Bush. The main goal of this reauthorization is to help close the student academic achievement gap. This would create more opportunities for inclusion for students no matter their background, race, age, and disability.
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