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Most of the immigrants from this time were Germans, Irish and Chinese. The Irish came for better living conditions and food. the Germans came for the large amounts of land while the Chinese came for the Gold Rush in 1849 hoping to get rich quick.
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The Working conditions for the Irish were very poor. In the factories they were unregulated. so people could work very long, hard hours in harsh conditions for very low pay.
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They Chinese helped the economy when they came over to mine for gold and live in the US
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Immigrants recieving low pay created a boost in the US economy by fast, cheap labor that created lots of cheap selling products quickly.
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The Germans had lots of money so they were able to expand west and buy lots of land to farm on. They created a boost in the economy by doing this.
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They Chinese were a big part of the Railroad industry by building the tracks for low pay. this allowed a lot of Immigrants to work at the same time for cheap, hard labor. This got a lot done quickly.
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Irish were starving so they immigrated to America to survive
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Chinese came over to america to mine for gold and hopefully get rich!
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The conditions for the Chinese miners were super dangerous and toxic or poisoning.
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The trans-continental railroad allowed for easy transportation and exporting and trade. Made the use of the natural resources available in the east.