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The Catholics tried to conquer Jerusalem and the holy land from the muslims. -
There was a shift/Europe changed because of the crusades, peasants and nobles witnessed new ways of life. -
Marco traveled with his father to Asia at 17 and ventured through mountains and desserts mainly on horseback. He kept very detailed journals where he wrote down observations. -
Maro came back by ship bringing ivory, jade, jewels, porcelain, and silk. On his way back 18 people out of several hundred survived in his caravan -
Marco was captured in a battle against Genoa and while imprisoned he was inspired and wrote his book called The Travels Of Marco Polo, many people thought his stories were amazing. -
The Portuguese took control of the Fortress of Ceuta located in Africa, this was the Portuguese dream because this was the start to them controlling the market of gold. Not only did the Portuguese now have more power but Prince Henry's financing brought the new discovery of the caravel. -
Prince Henry wanted to gain more wealth to he helped fund new discoveries in shipbuilding, cartography, and navigational science. Prince Henry also helped fund scientists all over Europe which led to the discovery of the Maderia Islands. -
With the help of Prince Henry's finances, the Portuguese discovered the Azora Islands. The discoveries motivated them to travel further south but it was hard because sailing knowledge was limited at the time. -
15 voyages had failed to around Cape Blanco but finally, in 1434 one of Prince Henry's voyages made it through. Because of Prince Herys voyage, it encouraged others to travel past it and 2 more voyages were successful. -
In 1469 Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile got married which unified Catholic Spain and it began Spain's process of building a nation. -
In 1485 Christoper Columbus showed his plan of sailing to the west to the king of Portugal. Christopher wanted to reach the Spice Islands of Asia and India but when he presented his idea it was rejected. -
After making it farther than any other explorer before him, Prince Henry finally made it around Africa reaching the east coast of South Africa. -
In 1492 the Spanish got rid of the Muslims, this was huge for the Spanish because now Ferdinand and Isabella could go beyond the Spanish borders. -
In 1498 Da Gama and his crew reached India and achieved the dream of King Joâo, to discover a route that would lead Portugal to be one of the richest countries in Europe. -
In 1641 Thomas Hobbes wrote The Leviathan perspectives. -
John Locke wrote the Second Treatise on Government which used reason and not religion to support his thinking that had been dominant for centuries. -
The French called for a revolution and wrote the Declaration of Independence from the British crown and also established the United started of America. -
The French were forced to pay taxes and the french revolution began because of it. The French people were tired of listening to their government and wanted a change so they took down the government. -
In 1791, the slaves began rebelling in the Haitian revolution for their independence. -
In 1803, The slaves succeeded in ending slavery as well as french control over the island. -
In 1804 Napoleon Bonaparte and his soldiers invaded Spain which forced Bolivar to fight for Venezuela's independence. -
In 1810 the plan to fight for independence was discarded, and the leaders of the independence movement were arrested. -
In 1813, Bolivar and his soldiers began the Camana Admirable. Bolivar's campaign was a great success and Venezuela became independent. -
Because forces loyal to Spain recaptured chile in 1817 San Martin and his soldiers proceeded with their plan to capture Lima. -
in 1819 there was a depression that caused many banks to fail including Austins bank. Austin lost his entire fortune which made him decide to head to Texas. -
In November of 1820 Austin and his slave, Richmond crossed into east Texas reaching San Antonio in December. In San Antonio, Austin met a businessman, Baron de Bastrop who later helped him out a ton. -
In 1821 Gran Colombia was created under the new government in Bolivia and on July 28, 1821, San Martin proclaimed Peru independent from Spain. -
In 1821 the rebel forces of Mexico and the efforts of Hidalgo finally gained their independence from Spain. -
In January 1823 the Mexican government passed the Imperial Colonization Law. With this law, Austin's land grant was secure and he could still bring settlers from the United States into Texas. -
In 1824 Bolivar became dictator/supreme leader and the Republic of Bolivia was created. -
Mexico proclaimed that they would be governed by a president, have a congeesss to make laws, and create a federalist government where the state and national government shared power. -
In 1824 Austin thought he needed capital so he founded Felipe de Austin. The capital was located along the Brazos River, so it attracted many because of the great source of water. -
In 1825 Austin was able to acquire contracts for four more colonies and all but one overlapped his first colony. -
Benjamin Edwards declared independence from Mexico and started the republic of Fredonia. -
In 1827 San Felipe had about 100 to 200 people living there and it kept growing fast. -
General Mier Y Teran was sent to inspect Texas but he reported there the Anglos had outnumbered the Mexicans 5 to 1. -
The Mexican government issued a decree to give Mexico more control over Texas. Mexico ended all immigration and suspended all empresario grants. -
To keep the peace after the Texans were released, they wrote a series of statements called the Turtle Bayou Resolutions. -
In 1832, the Texans wanted separate statehood within Mexico as a request for Santa anna the newly elected president of Mexico -
In 1833, the Texans wrote a constitution to apply for separate statehood with Mexico and decided to send SFA to Mexico to present their decisions. -
Texas defeated general Cos and San Antonio was under Texan control. -
Santa Anna believed that Mexico was not ready for democracy and declared himself dictator. The government was also unorganized. -
Texans were concerned and called for a meeting later known as the Consultation of 1835. At this meeting, the Texans were divided - one group called for peace and the other called for war. -
As a unit of Mexican cavalry with supply mules approached San Antonio Burleson men to stop the Mexicans. They captured the mules although found that they were filled with grass to feed the animals. -
The Texans fired on the Mexicans and started a war. The Texas Revolution had began -
The Texans made a surprise attack at dawn and raised a flash that said "come and take it" referring to the cannon that protected them from the natives. The Texans won and Mexico retreated without taking the cannon. -
Texas soldiers marched towards Goliad and defeated thirty Mexican soldiers in a surprise attack in only 30 minutes. Texans gained military supplies from battle. -
Recognized as an independent country no longer under the Mexican rule and control, their own country. -
Mexican forces began the 13-day siege to the Alamo and Santa Anna demanded that all Texans be put to death. -
As the alamo ended, the main battle only lasted 30 minutes and ended the war with a Mexican victory. -
Santa Anna wanted everyone executed so he killed them. 24 were able to escape but Fannin and others died. -
General Houston and Texas army attacked. Shouted, "remember the Alamo and Goliad''. In just 18 minutes they defeated the Mexican army and captured Santa Anna.