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In the middle of the Wars
- In 1928 all women from the age of 21 could vote.
- Trade unions born
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In the II World War
There was as Prime Minister Churchill, who was able to lead the nation to defend himself from Hitler. -
After the II World War
Labour won the general election and was created the modern WELFARE STATE, with the foundation of NHS ( National health service ) Moreover, the government nationalised the major industry like:
- coal meaning
- railways -
Commonwealth
In the London Declaration of April 1949, the British Empire ended and the Commonwealth replaced it.
——- Is controlled by the King People who are part of the Commonwealth are British citizens and so a lot of people migrated to the England, for this it is a MULTIETHNIC country -
Period: to
The " Swinging 60' "
Are often considered a liberal and permissive decade
A period of social changes by young people:
Were liberalised the laws regarding:
- Divorce
- Abortion
- Homosexuality Fashion had a new look.
Groups like The Beatles and The Rolling Stones were changing the music scene.
Moreover in 1966 England won the football World Cup. -
Period: to
" The Troubles "
Which is referred to the northern Ireland
There were protests between:
- UNIONIST: mainly Protestant, in support of the remaining part of the UK
- NATIONALIST : mainly Catholic, in favour of a united Ireland. -
EEC
England became part of the EEC( Economic European Community ) —-> Even if he will never adopt the Euro. -
Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher, became the first female Prime Minister .
Started to :
- cuts in government spending
- close many industries -
Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands
(a British territory) but England won. -
Gulf War
British troops took part in the Gulf War against Iraq. -
Tony Blair
After 18 years of this conservative governments:
Tony Blair became Prime Minister -
The end of the Civil War
Due to the protests of the period: “ The troubles ”
There was a real Civil War that ended in 1998 with the GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT (Easter Friday) Now a days in Northern Ireland There is Sinn Féin: it is an Independence political party, which proclaims the need for Irish unity. -
The Devolution of Tony Blair
He made constitutional reforms as:
the DEVOLUTION ( Division of powers ) for:
- Wales
- Scotland
- Northern Ireland -
Attack on the Twin Towers
They were a series of suicide attacks, carried out by a group of Islamic terrorists, led by Osama bin Laden. -
Suicide bombers
Suicide bombers in the underground in London -
Global Financial Crisis
( which concerned the whole way) —— started from the USA for the fall of many banks. -
Period: to
Recession
The global financial crisis led to a RECESSION which brought to 5-years of government austerity program. -
Referendum in Scotland
About becoming an independent country but, it was a failure and so, form now, the country remains part of the UK. -
Period: to
BREXIT
In 2016, the UK held a referendum on the country’s membership of the UE. ——> Those in favour of BREXIT won, and then on January 31, 2020 England went out the European Union. -
Death of Queen Elizabeth II.
-
Crowned King Charles III