History of Special Education and Inclusive Education Timeline

  • Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    Sided in favor of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in state-run institutions. PARC v. Penn called for students with disabilities to be places in publicly funded school settings that met their individual educational needs. This guaranteed special education for children with intellectual disabilities
  • Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    Extended the right to special education to children of all disabilities.
    The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia students classified as “Exceptional”. This includes those with mental and learning disabilities and behavioral issues. This ruling made it unlawful for the to deny these students access to publicly funded educational opportunity.
  • The Education for All Handicapped Children Act

    The Education for All Handicapped Children Act

    This act made sure that all students with disabilities are educated in public schools. The EAHCA included providing free educations, special education for children ages 3-21, supplemental services, due process, zero reject, and least restrictive environment.
  • Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School v. Rowley

    Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School v. Rowley

    A landmark case that designed the Rowley Two-Part test in determining whether FAPE is being met according to a students IEP. The two part test consists of questions as developed through the procedures of the act”. If these two questions are answered correctly, then FAPE and IDEA have been met.
  • Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments (P.L. 99-457)

    Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments (P.L. 99-457)

    Extends free and appropriate education to children with disabilities (ages 3-5), establishes early intervention for infants/ toddlers with disabilities (ages birth to 2)
  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (P.L. 101-336)

    Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (P.L. 101-336)

    Prohibits discrimination in the private sector and protects equal employments opportunities for people with disabilities, includes AIDS as a disability.
    The act promises people with special needs will have the same rights as everybody else, which includes both school and work. This act also stated that people with special needs cannot be discriminated against in schools, the workplace, and everyday society such as public transportation.
  • IDEA- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 101-476)

    IDEA- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 101-476)

    Replaces EAHCA, establishes person-first language, expands special education services and provisions for due process and confidentiality, adds autism and traumatic brain injury categories, provides bilingual education, requires transition services and planning
    This law includes 6 pillars: FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and all procedural safeguards for participants. Link text
  • No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

    No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

    This law states that all students should be proficient in math and reading. Some schools have been caught falsifying scores while others took it seriously and reported if they were not proficient.
    This law increases accountability and flexibility in use of federal funds, offers school choice options, implements early reading interventions.

Want to make a timeline like this?

Use Timetoast to turn dates, events, milestones, and phases into a clear visual timeline you can build and share. Timetoast is a timeline maker for work, school, research, and stories.