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AMERICAN SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
This was the first permanent school for the deaf in the United States. It was founded through the efforts and dedication of Thomas Hopkins who went to France to learn about schooling the deaf and recruited a teacher on his way home. It has served as the pacesetter in providing an exemplary model educational program. -
PERKINS INSTITUTION FOR THE BLIND
It was the first school of its kind for people with mental disabilities. The students were required to live and learn within the school. It was as well the first school for the blind in the United States. -
LAW MANDATING COMPULSORY EDUCATION
Rhode Island passed a law mandating compulsory education for all children. The law provided that children should receive an education and the government was tasked with providing that education. Despite this law, children with disabilities were yet to be included in public schools. -
COLUMBIA INSTITUTION
This is an institution for the deaf, dumb and blind. It was the first college in the world that was established for people with disabilities. the school began operations to provide primary education and moral education to deaf, mute, and blind children. in 1865, the institution established the National Deaf-Mute College. -
COUNCIL FOR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
This is presently the largest international professional organization dedicated to improving the success of children and youth with disabilities. The organization in achieving its goal works with state and local education districts as well as the federal government and other education organizations. The council also engages in extensive advocacy activities.
https://exceptionalchildren.org/ -
CUYAHOGA COUNCIL FOR RETARDED CITIZENS
This started as a parental advocacy group made of five mothers of children with mental retardation who protested the exclusion of their children from public schools. This led to the establishment of a special class for the children. Despite their success in being heard the parents had to sponsor the class. -
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT
The statute was the foundation for the president's war on poverty. It presented a commitment to equal access to quality education. The government has reauthorized the act every five years since its enactment. -
THE PENSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION FOR RETARDED CHILDREN CASE
It was the first right-to-education lawsuit in the country to overturn Pennsylvania law and secure quality education for all children. The case resulted in a consent decree in which the state agreed to provide free public education for children with mental retardation. That decree and many procedural protections from the case became the basis for the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142) enacted in 1975. -
SECTION 504
It is the first law that gives protection to children with special needs. The law includes Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) and Least Restrictive Environment. It is enforced by the Office for Civil Rights.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxx6rQqIjpY -
LEAST RESTRICTIVE ENVIRONMENT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
This means that with a student’s Individual Education Plan, they must also be in as many regular education classes as possible. This ensures that the student has social experiences. This mandate covers students in public or private schools or other care facilities -
EDUCATION FOR ALL HANDICAPPED CHILDREN ACT
It was signed into law by president Geral Ford. It guaranteed a free, appropriate public education to each child with a disability in every state and locality across the country. The statute's name changed to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). -
INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT (IDEA)
The reauthorization and renaming of the Education for all Handicapped Children Act led to the creation of IDEA. the goal was to provide children with disability the same opportunity for education as the students without disability. This law includes 6 pillars: FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and all procedural safeguards for participants.