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- escaping religious persecution
- play was frowned on as evil
- hard-work valued success and place in heaven
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- strong work ethic becomes the foundation of American culture when Puritans settle in America
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The Boston Common
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- urbanization (rural to urban centers; population rose rapidly)
- eventual unionization resulted in child labor laws
- lack of free public education led children to have abundance of unstructured free time
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Fredrick Law Olmsted designs Central Park in New York City
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Yellowstone
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- first saw boys get arrested for playing and began career as recreation advocate -helped survey play opportunities available in Boston
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this is the first time volunteers and paid staff oversee children and their play in a recreation setting
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Jane Addams created the Hull House of Chicago where immigrants could assimilate to American society
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National Park Service is created in 1956
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- Great Depression occurred due to the stock market crash; which in turn led to mass unemployment and resulting idleness stimulated national concern about leisure
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Due to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, millions are employed, many of whom build thousands of recreation facilities.
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- after World War II, the birth of therapeutic recreation occurs due to injuries from the war
- concern for youth fitness arises, which presents a national security risk and the implementation of President's Council on Youth Fitness/Physical Fitness and Sports
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- therapeutic recreation is born as a distinct discipline largely due to its provision in government sponsored Department of Veteran Affairs hospitals following WWII
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president's council on youth fitness/physical fitness and sport created due to concern for youth fitness and sedentary lifestyles
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- 1973 oil crisis leads to inflation, rising costs of welfare, and crime rates increasing
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- continual spending from the gov't over prior decades led the tax base to be fed up and Parks/Rec created market/entrepreneurial approach