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Puritans Settle in America
- escaping religious persecution
- play was frowned on as evil
- hard-work valued success and place in heaven
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Strong Work Ethic Becomes Most Valued
- strong work ethic becomes the foundation of American culture when Puritans settle in America
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1st Municipal Park Developed
The Boston Common -
Industrial Revolution Starts in America
- urbanization (rural to urban centers; population rose rapidly)
- eventual unionization resulted in child labor laws
- lack of free public education led children to have abundance of unstructured free time
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Central Park Creation
Fredrick Law Olmsted designs Central Park in New York City -
First National Park Developed
Yellowstone -
Joseph "Father of the Playground Movement" Lee
- first saw boys get arrested for playing and began career as recreation advocate -helped survey play opportunities available in Boston
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Boston Sand Garden
this is the first time volunteers and paid staff oversee children and their play in a recreation setting -
Hull House of Chicago Established
Jane Addams created the Hull House of Chicago where immigrants could assimilate to American society -
National Park Service
National Park Service is created in 1956 -
America Joins World War I
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Great Depression Begins
- Great Depression occurred due to the stock market crash; which in turn led to mass unemployment and resulting idleness stimulated national concern about leisure
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New Deal's Impact on Recreation
Due to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, millions are employed, many of whom build thousands of recreation facilities. -
America Joins World War II
- after World War II, the birth of therapeutic recreation occurs due to injuries from the war
- concern for youth fitness arises, which presents a national security risk and the implementation of President's Council on Youth Fitness/Physical Fitness and Sports
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Therapeutic Recreation Born
- therapeutic recreation is born as a distinct discipline largely due to its provision in government sponsored Department of Veteran Affairs hospitals following WWII
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President’s Council on Youth Fitness/Physical Fitness and Sport
president's council on youth fitness/physical fitness and sport created due to concern for youth fitness and sedentary lifestyles -
1970s Recession Begins
- 1973 oil crisis leads to inflation, rising costs of welfare, and crime rates increasing
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Approach Change
- continual spending from the gov't over prior decades led the tax base to be fed up and Parks/Rec created market/entrepreneurial approach