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Thomas Hobbes (conservatism)
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John Locke (liberalism)
Developed early liberalism -
Period: to
Liberalism
Reason and science
Freedom
Equality
Individualism
Justice
Tolerance -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (liberal nationalism)
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Adam Smith (classical liberalism)
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Immanuel Kant (liberalism)
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Edmund Burke (conservatism)
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Joseph de Maistre (authoritarian conservatism)
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Mary Wollstonecraft (liberal feminism)
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Period: to
Conservatism
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Period: to
FRENCH REVOLUTION
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Period: to
Conservative nationalism
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Period: to
Nationalism
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Period: to
Liberal nationalism
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Period: to
Cosmopolitanism
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Period: to
Socialism
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Period: to
Classical Marxism
-
Period: to
Classical liberalism
Natural rights (human rights)
Utilitarianism
Economic liberalism (capitalism)
Social Darwinism -
Benjamin Disraeli
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Giuseppe Mazzini (liberal nationalism)
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John Stuart Mill (classical liberalism)
Classical liberalist thinker,
Defender of utilitarianism -
Period: to
Authoritarian conservatism
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Otto Von Bismarck (conservative nationalism)
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Karl Marx (classical marxism)
Co-author of the “Communist Manifesto”, inspiration and guide of all socialist and communist ideas.
Principal representative of Classical Marxism with Friedrich Engels -
Friedrich Engels (classical marxism)
Co-author of the “Communist Manifesto”, inspiration and guide of all socialist and communist ideas.
Principal representative of Classical Marxism with Karl Marx -
Period: to
Feminism
-
Period: to
First wave of feminism (liberal and socialist feminism)
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Eduard Bernstein (social democracy)
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Period: to
Social democracy
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Lenin (orthodox marxism)
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Period: to
Libertarian conservatism
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Period: to
Paternalistic (one nation) conservatism
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Iósif Stalin (orthodox marxism)
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Period: to
Christian democracy
-
Period: to
Expansionist nationalism
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John Maynard Keynes (modern liberalism)
Modern liberal, principally economist -
Benito Mussolini (extreme statist racism)
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Marcus Garvey (anti-colonial nationalism)
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Adolf Hitler (extreme racist fascism)
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Period: to
Orthodox Marxism
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Antonio Gramsci (neo-marxism)
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Herbert Marcuse
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Friedrich von Hayek (neoliberalism)
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Period: to
Neo-marxism
-
Period: to
Modern (welfare) liberalism
Liberalism but regulate it
Individuality
Positive freedom
Social liberalism (welfare state, equality of opportunity, equality of fairness, recognition of social rights)
Economic management -
Simone de Beauvoir (liberal feminism)
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Isaiah Berlin (modern liberalism)
Modern liberal -
Period: to
FIRST WORLD WAR
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Period: to
INTERWAR PERIOD
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Period: to
Fascism
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Period: to
Extreme statist fascism
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John Rawls (modern liberalism)
Modern liberalist -
Period: to
Extreme racist fascism
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Period: to
SECOND WORLD WAR
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Period: to
COLD WAR
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Period: to
Anti-colonial and post-colonial nationalism
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Period: to
Second wave of feminism (radical feminism)
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Period: to
Neoconservatism
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Period: to
Neoliberalism
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Period: to
Third wave feminism (new types: black feminism, lesbian feminism etc.)