-
Called the Crusades to defeat the Muslims and to take back the Holy Land. -
Scarcity due to the Crusades causes people to spread out and grow their own wealth by trading goods. Europe develops a capitalistic society where entrepreneurship drives economy. -
Born in Venice, Italy, a center for commerce and trading. At age 17, Marco journeyed to Asia with his family. -
Polo family begins their journey home by ship with many valuable items. -
Captured while battling Genoa, Venice's rival city. In prison, he wrote about his travels in Asia. -
While trying to reach Asia, capturing the Fortress would set them up to begin collecting gold and silver. -
Prince Henry funded scientists, leading to the discovery of these islands and this encouraged explorers to explore the southern African coast. -
Prince Henry helped fund advancements to reach the discovery of these islands. The discovery encouraged scientists and explorers to journey to the southern coast of Africa. -
The most familiar southern African point was Cape Bojador and it was an extreme challenge to sail around that point. One of Prince Henry's ships successfully returned and this motivated Portugal to explore much further. -
The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile unified Spain and set them up to begin competing for more wealth and power. -
Christopher Columbus begins approaching the king of Portugal, Genoa, Venice, England, and Spain with his idea to sail west to reach Asia, but was rejected. -
Bartolomeu Días went farther than any explorer before him to reach what is now the Cape of Good Hope and the point where ships begin to sail more eastern than southern. -
Spain financed Columbus' expedition to get to India and China before Portugal, but sailing west landed them in present-day Dominican Republic. There, he began establishing settlements and news circulated about the new world. -
Vasco de Gama's voyage reaches India, achieving the dream of King Joâo II. This moved Portugal to one of the richest European countries. -
Thomas Hobbes writes The Leviathan about his beliefs about man using reason. He wrote that without a common power, there was war and chaos and man didn't have reason. -
John Locke writes The Second Treatise on Government using reason and enlightened thinking. He wrote about the basic reason that man has and the logical choices they would make without a common power. -
Thomas Jefferson wrote the United States' Declaration of Independence, declaring freedom from Britain and that rights are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. -
This is published in France based on new ideas about human rights and gives equality to everyone and establishes a French national assembly. -
The Haitian Revolution begins because of the slaves in Saint Domingue. -
After years fighting in the Haitian Revolution, the slaves succeed and end slavery and become independent from France. -
The French emperor invades Spain and is crowned as ruler of France, betraying French Revolution ideas. -
Father Miguel Hidalgo rings the church bells and calls the people to fight for independence -
This begins Campaña Admirable, fighting to liberate Venezuela from Spanish rule. -
He surprised the Spanish soldiers and after proceeded to his plan of capturing Lima. -
The crisis led to many businesses failures and many people losing their fortunes. -
Moses Austin crosses into East Texas with a slave named Richmond and begins to meet with governors to discuss his colonization plan. -
It included countries now known as Venezuela, Colombia, Panamá, and Ecuador. This was created under Bolívar's government. -
San Martín takes the capital of Peru and them proclaims it independent and is named protector. -
The Mexican government secured the grant to bring in settlers from around the USA. Stephen F. Austin headed back in April. -
San Martín returns to Lima and Bolívar becomes dictator of Peru -
Declares that early USA immigrants can come to Mexico (Texas) under the federalist government and the states share power. -
The capital along the Brazos River was founded in 1824. It's location had many advantages, such as the central location and nearby water and the population soon grew. -
Between 1825 and 1831, Austin acquired another four colonies and they all overlapped with the first one except one (the Little Colony). -
Benjamin Edwards is furious that squatters can keep their land, so Edwards revolts and start their own republic. This led to the government becoming concerned about conditions. -
The center quickly grew and the population had reached about 100-200 residents by 1827. -
He inspects Texas after the Fredonian Rebellion, and notes that Anglos are outnumbering Texans and people from all over and different backgrounds are coming to Texas and decreasing Mexican influence. -
This gives Mexico more control over Texas, ends USA immigration, and suspends empresario grants. -
In the statements, the Texans try to keep peace with Mexico, support Santa Anna, and deny attacks. -
They present requests to Santa Anna and do not declare war. In 1832, they wanted separate statehood but did not get it. In 1833, they sent Stephen F. Austin to present their application. -
Mexico is chaotic and does not want a federalist government anymore, so Santa Anna becomes the dictator and is unable to meet with Austin. -
The Texans were concerned after many were being arrested, like de Zavala and Travis, and so they met to discuss. After, two parties were formed: the war party and the peace party. -
Ben Milam's men fight and eventually capture Mexican leader General Cos, giving Texas more weapons and control of San Antonio. -
Erasmus "Deaf" Smith reported Mexico coming to attack the Texans, and after fighting and attacking with supplies, they realized it was only grass for the animals. -
General Cos (Santa Anna's brother-in-law) declares that Texas weapons and the brass cannon must be returned to Mexico, however, the Texans say "come and take it" and fire at Mexico and the Revolution begins. -
While fighting in Gonzales, the Texans raised the "COME AND TAKE IT" flag in defiance of the Mexican rules and elected Stephen F. Austin after. -
George Collinsworth, Ben Milam, and fifty Texans marched towards Goliad, where they captured the Presidio La Bahía in a surprise attack. -
This recognizes Texas and independent, while making peace between Mexico and Texas. Also, Santa Anna was supposed to be a lobbiest for a trade deal, but all of his actions as a prisoner were declared void. -
A thirteen-day siege of the Alamo begins, with the Mexicans surrounding the Alamo and bombarding it. -
After the thirteen-day siege, the main battle (only thirty minutes long) ends and the Mexicans win. -
The Mexican army surrounds Fannin and his men and executes all of them, and 342 men died in total, and the U.S. began to sympathize with the Texans. -
While the Mexican soldiers were sleeping, the Texans (while being outnumbered by the Mexicans 1,300 to 900) attacked while yelling "Remember the Alamo" and "Remember Goliad" and in eighteen minutes, they captured Santa Anna and defeated Mexico.