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Horace Mann established the state board of education in Massachusetts.
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Dewey opened a lab school to test his educational theories.
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Piaget was a major theorists in the cognitivism camp. He developed the four stages of cognative development. His theories also crossed over into the constructivism theory.
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This law states that behaviors that are reinforced with immediate rewards, will become associated with each other, therefore, making it more likely that the same behavior will repeat.
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In 1913, Behaviorism was founded by John B. Watson. He believed that leaning was a result of training.
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First developed for military purposes, overheads quickly made their way to the classroom.
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B.F. Skinner coined the term operant conditioning; it means changing of behavior by using reinforcements that are after the desired response is demonstrated. In 1948, he began conducting experiments using a "skinner box" which was very similar to Thorndyke's puzzle box
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These machines made it possible for teachers to reproduce practice worksheets with ease.
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This theory influenced many changes in behavioristic educational practices involving classroom management.
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Bloom's Taxonomy is a model of classifying thinking according to six levels of complexity. It falls into the cognitivism theory. It was created by a committee of educators led by Benjamin Bloom
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In response to behaviorsim, congnitivism believes that people are logical thinkers and learning is a result of active participation and the thinkning that takes place during that participation.
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Increased the role of the government in head start, free lunches, special education students.
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Teachers were slow to adopt the use of calculators because they were afraid they would prevent students from learning basic skills.
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Vygotsky suggested that knowledge is fisrt consturcted in a social context and then building on other people point of view. It is a collaboartive process.
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Howard Gardner ideveloped the theory of multiple intelligences. He believed that everyone learns differently with little cross over between the methods.
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ILS programs are implemented to help support students with special needs.
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Lorin Anderson (a former student of Bloom), updated the taxonomy to reflect relevance to 21st century work.
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Bernie Dodge and Tom March developed Webquest.
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Voice recognition software is emerging, some computers incorporate TV input, and graphics and video are incorporated. Larger computer storage capacity and CD-ROM and DVD drives in personal computers make it easier for educators to store large graphic and video and sound.
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ISTE developed a set of technology standards that are designed to help students develop 21st century skills.
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iClicker was the first students polling system used in schools.
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