History of Australia - 1788 - 1890 By Caaaaitliiiin Jan 26, 1788 Arrival of the First Fleet. Jan 26, 1788 Arthur Phillip arrived at Sydney Cove. Feb 7, 1788 Arthur Phillip becomes govenor Jun 3, 1790 Sercond Fleet arrive. Jan 16, 1793 First free settlers from England arrived aboard the Bellona. Jan 3, 1813 Bennelong died. Aug 31, 1814 Arthur Phillip died. May 9, 1837 Ben Hall was born. Jan 24, 1848 The Californian gold rush began. Feb 12, 1851 Edward Hargraves discovered gold. Jan 1, 1856 Van Diemen's land name changed to Tasmania. Jul 4, 1857 Racist attack on Chinese at Buckland River Apr 9, 1865 Dan Morgan died. May 8, 1876 Truganini died. May 8, 1876, Hobart Nov 11, 1880 Ned Kelly hanged.