History of American Drug Policy

By Muglu
  • Pure Food and Drug Act Enacted

    This act required that certain available drugs that include but aren’t limited to alcohol, cocaine, heroin, morphine, and cannabis be precisely labeled with contents and dosage.
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  • Opium Exclusion Act

    This was the first national wide drug prohibition law passed through Congress marking the start of a century long drug prohibition. This act outlawed the importation of opium.
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  • International Opium Convention

    The first ever international dug control treaty is signed in The Hague during this landmark convention. It bans participating nations from the use of opiates for non-medical purposes, penalize their unauthorized possession and prohibit their sale to certain individuals.
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  • Harrison Narcotics Act

    Requires doctors, pharmacists and other medical personell who prescribe opium or coca leaves and its derivatives to register and pay a tax.
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  • Alcohol Prohibition

    United States passes a law that nationally bans the sale, production, and transport of alcohol. It is directive by the 18th Amendment to the US constitution and enforced by the Volstead Act.
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  • Federal Bureau of Narcotics Established

    Harry J. Ansliger is appointed by President Hoover to be the commissioner of FBN. Says, “Jail offender, then throw away the key,” referring to drug users and dealers.
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  • End of Alcohol Prohibition

  • Marijuanna Tax Act

    This act still allows cannabis to be legal but requires that commercial dealers be taxed. Offenders could be fined up to 2000$ and five years’ imprisonment if found in contempt of this law. The act was later found to be unconstitutional and superseded by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970
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  • First Time Methadone is Distributed in the US

    Originting in Germany, methadone is distributed in the US as an analgesic. It has become better known as a substitute treatment option for dependent heroin users.
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  • Narcotic Control Act

    Raises mandatory minimum sentences, and requires the death penalty for sales of drugs to minors. Senator Price Daniel states that “subversion through drug addiction is an established aim of Communist China.”
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  • Counterculture and Drug Subculture Takes off

  • United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs

    UN consolidates previous drug treaties into a coherent whole. The convention marks a turning point in global prohibition, introducing it in domestic law worldwide and closing down possibilities of regulated models of production and supply by individual nations.
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  • Nixon Launches "Operation Intercept"

    President Richard Nixon targets the smuggling of cannabis in the US over the Mexican border and involves increased surveillance from air and sea, as well as a 3-minute inspection of every vehicle passing the border. The searches are abandoned after 20 days amid widespread complaints.
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  • Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act

    Consolidates previous drug laws and reduces penalties for marijuana possession and creates five categories for regulating drugs based on their medicinal value and potential for addiction. In addition, the Act strengthens law enforcement by allowing police to conduct ‘no knock’ searches.
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  • Nixon Formally Launches the "War on Drugs"

    President Richard Nixon regards drug abuse as “public enemy number one in the United States,” during his 1971 press conference.
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  • Drug Enforcement Administration is Established

    Nixon creates the DEA to coordinate the work of existing drug departments and agencies. The intent of the DEA was to be a ‘super agency’, dealing with all aspects of illegal drug trade and use in the United States.
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  • Jimmy Carter Campaigns on the Decriminalization of Cannabis

    Presidential candidate Jimmy Carter runs his campaign on the idea that the U.S. must stop criminalizing drug offenders, dealers, and users alike.
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  • Launch of the "Just Say No" movement

    First Lady, Nancy Reagan spearheads this new centerpiece of the Reagan administration
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  • Crack Cocaine Becomes Popular in New York

    The new smokable version of cocaine known as Crack developed in the 1980s begins to gain notoriety in the city of New York. It is cheap, powerfully addictive and is quickly associated with ethnic minorities and violent crime.
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  • Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 Passed

    The Act is most significant for its introduction of mandatory minimum sentences for drug offences. Differences in the mandatory minimums for crack vs. powder cocaine are increasingly criticized over the years for promoting racial disparities in sentencing.
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  • Iran-Contra Affair Exposed

    Time magazine, and other press reports, report that President Reagan administration’s dirty dealing in drugs, arms and paramilitary support.
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  • Pablo Escobar Named one of the Ten Richest People on Earth by Forbes

    One of the most prominent drug lords of all time, Pablo Escobar is the seventh richest man in the world and would contrinue to be on that list for the next seven years.
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  • United States Becomes the World's No. 1 Jailer

    U.S. has gone from 500,000 incarcerated citizens in 1980 to close to 2,500,000 in 2006 according to the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin
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  • President Bush Proposes a 50% increase in "War on Drugs" Spending

    For Further Reading Click HereNew proposal adds an additional 1.2 billion dollars to the prohibition enforcement as Bush urges Americans to “face this evil as a nation united.”
  • United States Military Funding on "The War on Drugs" reaches 1 Billion

    US funding of the War on Drugs officially reaches 1 billion dollars in 1992.
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  • "War on Drugs" Spending Reaches 8 Billion

    Less than 5 years after reaching 1 billion dollars, the U.S. funding on the War on Drugs has reached an unprecedented 8 billion dollars.
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  • Invasion of Afghanistan

    The counter insurgency and counter narcotics mission begins in Afghanistan and results in more money being spent by U.S. government.
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  • Marijuana is legal in Washington and Colorado

    In a historic step, the states of Colorado and Washington have voted to legalize the possession/use, production and supply of cannabis.
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