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Roanoke
Roanoke would've been the first permanent English colony. John White left for England to get supplies. When returned 3 years later the colony was gone. All that was left was the word CROATOAN. It is believed that the colonists joined a group of Native Americans. https://www.britannica.com/story/the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
The Virginia Company founded Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement. They sailed to America to find gold and silver. The first year was very hard for them, John Smith had to go back to England to get more supplies. He came back with more people and supplies. They began to trade with the Native Americans. Sir Thomas Gates took control and set laws that controlled trade. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
Salutary Neglect
Salutary neglect was used so Britain could ensure the colonies would remain loyal. This made it so every export and import had to go through England's port first. To ship the goods to England it was taxed, the money from the taxes went to England. Many of the colonist ignored the policy and traded directly with Spain, France, and the Netherlands.https://www.landofthebrave.info/salutary-neglect.htm -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was the first governing body. The House was located in Virginia and it was an assembly. They gave supplies and created laws. The assembly was lead by Governor George Yeardley. The meetings took place in Jamestown until 1700 but then were moved to Williamsburg. https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses -
Mayflower/ Plymouth/ Mayflower Compact
Many pilgrims came over on the Mayflower from England. They wanted freedom from the church but also they wanted money. The pilgrims set sail from Plymouth, a port in England. They were supposed to land in Virginia but landed on Cape Cod instead. The Mayflower Compact was a contract saying they would form a government and it was a promise of alliance to the King. They named the colony Plymouth.https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower -
New York
New York was founded by Peter Minuit. It was a Dutch colony. The colonies economy was good because of the good trading set-up with the Indians. https://sites.google.com/a/balboamagnet.com/new-york-colony/just-the-fact#:~:text=The%20Land%20in%20New%20York,York%20was%20called%20New%20Amsterdam. -
Great Migration
The Puritans moved from England to America to live spiritual lives. John Winthrop led 11 ships with around 800 people to Massachusetts. They then founded a colony called the Plymouth Colony. The Puritans where very picky with the people that stayed, many were sent back to England.
https://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/great-migration-of-picky-puritans-1620-40/ -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts Bay colony was founded by John Winthrop and was apart of the original thirteen colonies. The colony was one of the New England colonies. The religion was strictly Puritan beliefs. Many people that lived in the colony were on the mayflower. The people were part of the Great Migration. https://www.landofthebrave.info/massachusetts-colony.htm -
Maryland
George Clavert got the charter from the king to settle the land. He died before he could settle it. His son Cecilius took over and settled the land in 1634. There was religious conflict, the people wanted religious freedom. William Stone the Governor passed and act saying that they would have religious liberty and freedom. The act was terminated when the Puritans gained control of the colony. -
Connecticut
The colony was founded by Thomas Hooker. Connecticut was apart of the original thirteen colonies. the Europeans where the first to settle on the colony. https://www.landofthebrave.info/connecticut-colony.htm -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island was on of the original thirteen colonies, it was a New England Colony. The founder of Rhode Island was Roger Williams. Williams was kicked out of Massachusetts and settled his own colony. He believed in religious freedom and separation between church and state. The colony became a permanent settlement. https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/rhode-island -
Maryland Toleration Act
The assembly of the Province of Maryland passed the toleration act. This act was passed for religious freedom for settlers in Maryland. These helped with conflict between religions, they were not allowed to refer to any other religion in an inappropriate manor. The act made it illegal for anyone to use blaspheme God. -
Carolina
King Charles II granted eight nobleman a large piece of land in America south of Virginia. The Carolina colony grew slowly, many of the early settlers came down with malaria. The land had good location to trade in the West Indies. Many grew cash crops such as, rice, indigo, and tobacco. This growing of crops meant labor, they had African slaves do the labor. https://www.historycentral.com/TheColonies/Carolinas.html -
Bacons Rebellion
Nathanial Bacon was not happy with Governor Sir William Berkley. Bacon gathered poor farmers and created a crew to help him with the rebellion. Bacon attacked a native tribe, he falsely accused them of stealing corn. Berkley did not give permission for him to attack Native Americans on the border. Bacon was voted in the assembly, but eventually kicked out. He then marched around Jamestown, they lit the whole town on fire. https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america -
Pennsylvania
The Charter was given to William Penn by King Charles II. King Charles owed William a lot of money so instead of paying his back he gave him Pennsylvania. This land had freedom of religion. Many were Quakers, they formed a group called the Society of friends. The colony did have a constitution with a upper and lower house of legislator.https://www.ushistory.org/pennsylvania/pennsylvania.html -
Salem Witch Trials
The trails started after a group of girls claimed to be possessed by the devil. The first "witch" they convicted was Bridget Bishop, she was hanged. The people of the village were scared that the "witches" would hurt them. Many others where then convicted and hanged. Many went to court and were put in jail. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Great Awakening/ Enlightenment
The great awakening was a big religious movement. Jonathan Edwards was one of the chief founders of the Great Awakening. He preached that people were sinners and God was angry. George Whitefield also preached. He would preach to the slaves and natives even though that was not usual. this effected how our religion is today, it encouraged people to have a relationship with God instead of letting the pastor decide for them. https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
Albany Plan
The Albany plan was to have all the British North American colonies under one government. This plan was suggested by Benjamin Franklin. The Albany congress voted to discuss a union. Only seven sent commissioners. The plan never ended up happening, they believed it would take away some their rights.https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian war
This war was between Britain and France. When France expanded into the Ohio River Valley it brought conflict with the British colonies. Many battles took place before war was declared in 1756. The British took victory in Louisburg, Fort Frontenac, Fort Duquesne, Quebec and, Montreal. Spain eventually joined France against Britain. The war ended with a signing of a treaty in 1763, the Treaty of Paris. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763 https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of#:~:text=In%20response%20to%20Pontiac%27s%20Rebellion,colonial%20expansion%20westward%20beyond%20Appalachia.
This proclamation was made after the French-Indian War. King George III stated that all land on the west of the Appalachian is off limits for colonial settlers. Only licensed traders would be able to travel west. This protected the natives and the colonist, it protected the natives from attacks of the colonist and protected the colonist from native attacks.
