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Inheritable Traits
Francis Galton was an English mathematician and scientist. wanted to understand the structures of heredity and how they influence a person's abilities, their characteristics, and behavior. Galton's theories about Heredity were biased, did not consider many possibilities, based on biographies. Despite his biased approaches about heredity, he invented procedures for testing the abilities and characteristics of people. Now his theories and techniques are central aspects of science. -
Functionalism
William James taught the first class in psychology at Harvard university. He was known as "the Father of Psychology" . Taught that: ''thinking, learning, feeling , and remembering , serve one major function to our behaviors. William studied the functions or purposes of the purposes of the conscious mind and goals of our behaviors. His writings and theories are sill influential today. -
Structuralism
History of Psychology is one of alternative perspectives. A Psychologist named Wilhelm Wundt , studied the human behavior in a systematic and scientific manner. Wilhelm is known for his establishment of modern psychology. His developed a method called introspection- participants recorded their thoughts , Wilhelm then mapped out the basic structures of our thought processes. Wilhelm's studies are very important today because he advanced our understanding of the mind. -
Gestalt Psychology
Psychologists including: Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and curt Kurt Koffka, opposed the principles of structuralism and behaviorism. "perception is more than the sum of its parts, it involves a Gestalt (German root), or "whole pattern". Perception of apparent motion, sensations are assembled into perceptual experiences. EX: looking at a table, people recognize the table as a whole opposed to noticing its components separately. Became cognitive approaches to psychology.
