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A test is created to identify inferior students to those that were "normal" in order to remediate and help this population. Unintentionally creating a way to identify intelligence based on a single number.
https://www.verywellmind.com/history-of-intelligence-testing-2795581 -
NAGC's mission is to support those who enhance the growth and development of gifted and talented children through education, advocacy, community building, and research. We aim to help parents and families, K-12 education professionals including support service personnel, and members of the research and higher education community who work to help gifted and talented children...
https://www.nagc.org/about-nagc/who-we-are -
Yet with Sputnik in the sky, the Russian advances in science and technology—long known to all experts—suddenly aroused vast anxiety among wide circles of the population...And suddenly the education of the gifted became everybody’s concern. https://www.commentary.org/articles/commentary-bk/sputnik-and-segregationshould-the-gifted-be-educated-separately/ -
Guilford proposed a model of the intellect as comprising of 120 different intellectual abilities. These abilities were then organized along three dimensions - Operations, Content, and Products. https://psychology.fandom.com/wiki/Guildford%27s_Structure_of_the_intellect -
In order to capture the full range of abilities and talents that people possess, Gardner theorizes that people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many kinds of intelligence, including musical, interpersonal, spatial-visual, and linguistic intelligences. https://www.verywellmind.com/gardners-theory-of-multiple-intelligences-2795161 -
Gifted and Talented Children and Youth Education Act of 1987.
Directs the Secretary of Education to make grants and contracts for programs or projects designed to meet the educational needs of gifted and talented children and youth, including the training of teachers or their supervisors. Sets forth authorized uses of such funds. https://www.nagc.org/resources-publications/resources-university-professionals/jacob-javits-gifted-talented-students -
SEC. 5462. PURPOSE.
Scientifically based research, demonstration projects, innovative strategies, and similar activities designed to build and enhance the ability of elementary schools and secondary schools nationwide to meet the special educational needs of gifted and talented students. https://oese.ed.gov/offices/office-of-formula-grants/the-elementary-and-secondary-education-act-the-no-child-left-behind-act-of-2001/subpart-6-gifted-and-talented-students/
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