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Italian Unification- Lombardy
In 1859, Cavour secured from Napoleon III of France a pledge of military help if Austria ever planned to attack Sardinia. Then Cavor pressured Austria into declaring war and after a short conflict known as the Austro-Sardinian war France and Sardinia won against France. But this led to nationalist revolts in Italy. -
Italian Unification- The Duchies
In Parma, Modena and Tuscany the people there drove out there pro-Austrian rulers. In addition they voted for the annexation to Sardinia Piedmont. -
Italian Unification- The Two Cislies
Garibaldi came to the aid of Ciscilian revolutionaries. He then sailed from Piedmont to Cislies with an army of one thousand men called the "red shirts". He joined rebels in southern Italy and gained complete control of the two Cislies. However he then proposed that the two Cislies unite with Sardinia under the control of Victor Emanuel II. -
Italian Unification- The Papal States
Cavour ordered Sardinian troops into the Papal States. The Sardinians welcomed the nationalist groups and they overran central Italy. Then Cavour announced the annexation of the Papal States and therefore joined Northern and Southern Italy. -
Italion Unification- Kingdom of Italy
The kingdom of Italy was proclaimed. -
German Unification- Prussian Millitary Power
The government requested increased military funds from the Prussian legislature.But it was turned down. The legislature liberals majority opposed military tactics and did not trust Bismark. Bismarck ignored this, violated the constitution, and governed as a dictator. -
German Unification- The Danish War
Bismarck began a war with Denmark over some provinces. Then Prussia and Austria defeated Denmark and then Prussia and Austria became the joint owners of these two provinces. -
Italian Unification- Venetia
Italy was an allie with Prussia in the Seven Weeks War against Austria. The Italians invaded the Venetia but they were deafeated. But then the Prussian Armys overcame the Austrians which led to the peace treaty in which Austria surrendered the Venetia to Italy -
German Unification- The Austro-Prussian War
Bismarck argued with Austria regarding the administration of the Provinces they had just conquered.This provoked a war and the purpose of this war was to end Austrian power in Germany. Most German states supported Austria but Prussia allied with Italy. General Von Moltke's army overwhelmed Austria very quickly so this war is also known as the Seven Weeks War. There was a peace treaty where Austria agreed to Prussias annexation of the Provinces. They also gave Venetia to Italy. -
German Unification- Establishment of the North German Confederation
After they aggreed to dissolve the Austrian dominated German Confederation. Bismark annexed sevral north German states and wanted others to join the Prussian dominated North German Confederation. Only a few states are made out of the Confederation. -
Italian Unificartion- Rome
Because of the Franco-Prussian War France took away the troops that protected the Pope in Rome. In reaction to this the Italian forces flooded into the city of Rome and therefore Rome was annexed and became the capital of Italy. -
German Unification- Establishment of the German
Durring the Franco- Prussian War the four south german states came toghether and decided to make an alliance with Prussia. Then at the Palace of Versailes Bismark named William I as the emporer of the German Empire.