Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan's life

Period: Jan 1, 1161 to Dec 31, 1227

He was successful - the Mongol Empire was the largest empire in the world before the British Empire and lasted well after his own death.

Birth of Genghis Khan

Sep 27, 1161

Yesugei and Hoelun named their son Temujin (Genghis Khan). He was named after a Tatar Chietain. He was born with a bloodclot in his hand, which usually meant he was destined to be a great leader.

Death of Father

May 17, 1171

His father was murdered by members of the Tatar Tribe, leaving him, his brothers, and his mother to tend to themself

Temujin kills his half-brother.

Jul 3, 1172

In an argument during a hunting expedition, Temujin kills his half-brother, Behter, who liked to take whatever young Temujin killed or caught. This is the beginning of his reputation as a great warrior.

Temujin marries a woman from the Onggirat tribe.

May 16, 1187

Hoping to build an alliance with the Onggirat tribe, Temujin marries Borte. She is then kidnapped by the Merkit tribe as revenge against Temujin's father, who stole a Merkit wife.

The Kidnapping

Aug 14, 1187

Borte was soon kidnapped by the Merkit Tribe and forced to become a wife to a chieftain. However, he rescued her and she gave birth to her first son, Jochi Temujin had four sons with Borte and children many other wives, as dictated by Mongolian custume

Uniting the Empires

May 15, 1190

Genghis Khan, his followers, and their advisors, had united the smaller Mongol confederation only. In his rule and his conquest of rival tribes, Temüjin broke with Mongol tradition in a few crucial ways. As he defeated rival tribes, he didn't drive away enemy soldiers and abandon the rest. Instead, he took the conquered tribe under his protection and integrated its members into his own tribe.

Universal Ruler

Dec 29, 1206

In this year, a meeting of the Khuriltai(The Mongol Nobility) gave their new leader a new name 'Chinggis ( or Genghis) Khan,' meaning 'Khan of All Between the Ocean' or 'Universal Ruler '

Genghis plans to conquer Jin Dynasty

Feb 1, 1211

Genghis plans to conquer Jin Dynasty

Genghis Khan invades Chin Empire

May 17, 1211

Invades the mighty Chin Empire help Mongol Empire expanded its territory.

Mongol attack on Juyong Pass

Dec 31, 1213

The Mongol leader was Genghis Khan. He attempted to attack Beijing, but was repulsed by the Jin defenders at Juyongguan, who poured molten iron on the gate of the fortress. However. Genghis Khan knew someone who knew about a little used path to bypass the Juyong Pass. Using this path at night, the Mongol horsemen in a single file broke through and surprised the Juyong Pass defenders from the rear.

Jurcheds

Dec 15, 1214

Genghis conquers Jurcheds and 50 million citizens

Defeat of Kara-Khitan khanate

Jul 16, 1218

Genghis Khan had a small army,the invading Mongols were forced to change strategies and resort to inciting internal revolt among Kuchlug's supporters,leaving the Khara-Khitan khanate more vulnerable to Mongol conquest.By 1218,as a result of defeat of Kara-Khitan khanate, the Mongol Empire and its control extended as far west as Lake Balkhash.

Battle of Bokhara Mongols defeat Persians

May 16, 1220

This city was besieged by the Tartar army under Genghis Khan in March, 1220, and was held by a Kharismian garrison. On the approach of the Tartars, however, the Kharismian general, with the whole garrison, 20,000 strong, fled from the place, and the Bokhariots, having no means of defending themselves, opened the gates to Genghis. The Governor held out for a short time in the citadel, which was finally fired and destroyed.

Genghis begins his final campaign.

May 16, 1226

As punishment for disobedience, Genghis leads his army to Xi Xia. His army diverts a canal and water threatens to flood the city of Ningxia, forcing the troops to surrender.

Death of Genghis Khan

Jan 1, 1227

Before Genghis Khan died, he assigned Ogedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons. He died in 1227 after defeating the Tanguts. He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia at a location unknown. This is a significant because this would lead on to his grandson Kublai Khan carrying on his legacy and further expanding the Mongolian empire.