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First Generation
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First computer
The first computers were enormous and taking up entire rooms. Output was printed on paper. The first computer used vaccum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums. -
ERA
Engineers built the ERA 1101, the first commercially produced computer; their first customer was the U.S. Navy. -
UNIVSC and ENIAC
The UNIVSC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing devices. -
UNIVAC
THe UNIVAC was first commercial computer delivered to a business client, the U.S. Census Bureau in 1951 -
Felker and Harris
Felker and Harris program TRADIC, AT&T Bell Laboratories announced the first fully tansistorized computer, TRADIC -
Second Generation Computer
They were physically smaller, less expensive, more powerful, more energy-effficient, and more reliable the first generation computers. Programs and data were input on punch cards and magnetic tape. -
Period: to
Second Generation
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first circuit
Jack Kilby created the first integrated circuit at Texas Instruments to prove that resistors and capacitors could exisr on the same piece of a semiconductor material. -
Precursor
The precursor to the minicomputer DEC's PDP-1 sold for $120,000 -
AT&T
AT&T designed its Dataphone, the first commercial modem, specifically for converting digital comptuer data to analog signals for transmission across its long distance network. -
Mini-Computer
Digital introduces the first successful minicomputer - the PDP-8. It was about as large as a fridge. -
Period: to
Third Generation
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3rd generation
Intergrated circuts incorporate many transistors and electronic circuts on a single tiny silicon chip. Smaller and more reliable. -
Gordon Moore
THe semi-conductor pioneer, Gordon Moore (founder of intel), predicted that the number of transistors that occured on a microchip would double every year. It became known as Moore's Law and is still valid today. -
Intel
Intel was founded. They developed better memory chips. -
Magnetic core memory
Magnetic core memory was replaced by a microchip. -
Xerox opens
Xerox opend Palo Alto Research Cencter ( PARC), Xerox corporation hired Dr. George Pake to lead a new research center in Palo Alto, California. -
Period: to
Fourth Generation
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4th genration
Microprocessor contains the core processing capabilities of an entire computer on one single chip. Original IBM PC and Apple macintosh computers, and most of today's modern computers fall into this category. -
CP/M
THe first operating system for microcomputers was developed by Gary Kildall and John Torode. -
PC XT
IBM announced the PC XT(eXtended Technology) Memory was expanded to 640Kb. -
Windows 3.0
Microsoft released Windows 3.0. (operating system) -
Pentium microprocessor
The Pentium microprocessor is released. The Pentium was the 5th genreation of the 'x86' line of microprocessors from Intel. -
Period: to
Fifth Generation
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Fifth Generation
No precise classification because because experts do not agree. Based on artificial intelligence so they can think, reason, and learn. Voice and touch are expected to be primary means of input. -
Aspect of intetelligence
An important aspect of intelligence is goal based problem solving. Each action changes the state and the aim is to find the sequence of actions and states that lead from intial state to a final state. -
Technological Developments
Some technological developments that could make the development of fifth generation computers possible are parallel-processing, superconductors, expert systems, and speech recognition systems. -
Robotics
Robots are computer-controlled devices that can physically manipulate its surroundings. -
Virtual Reality
Virtal reality engages a user in computer-created enviroment.
