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the first computers used vacuum tubes, and magnetic drums for memory, they were very expensive, they relied on machine language, the lowest-level programming language understood by computers.
Input was based on punched cards and paper tape.
Univac and eniac computers are examples of first generation computing devices. -
transistor replace vacuum tubes, the transistor was invented in 1947, but did not see widespread use in computers until the late 1950s.
also, the transistors was far superior to the vacuum tube.
they moved from cryptic binary machine language for symbolic languages. -
transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors.
the users interacted with third generation through keyboards and monitors.
computers for the first time became accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller and cheaper. -
the microprocessor brought the fourth generation. as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
in 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, as these small computers became more powerful. -
based on artificial intelligence, are still in development though they are some applications such a voice recognition .
the use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality.
