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The Wounded Knee Massacre took place in South Dakota when U.S. Cavalry troopers fired on Lakota people who had gathered. The killing of hundreds of unarmed men, women, and children essentially marked the end of Native American resistance to white rule in the West. https://www.thoughtco.com/timeline-from-1890-to-1900-1774042 -
The Panic of 1893 was a true and severe financial panic lasting from May of 1893 to November, 1893, with a run on currency, and banks closing, and businesses and manufacturers not being able to open because they had not cash to pay workers or buy materials. https://florencekelley.northwestern.edu/historical/panic/#:~:text=The%20Panic%20of%201893%20was,pay%20workers%20or%20buy%20materials.
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Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald is born in St. Paul, Minnesota, to Edward and Mary Fitzgerald. He is named after Francis Scott Key, who wrote the lyrics to the “Star-Spangled Banner” and is a distant relative. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline
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The Spanish-American War was an 1898 conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America. https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/spanish-american-war -
The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 prohibited the sale of misbranded or adulterated food and drugs in interstate commerce and laid a foundation for the nation's first consumer protection agency, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/congress-and-progressive-era/pure-food-and-drug-act#:~:text=The%20Pure%20Food%20and%20Drug%20Act%20of%201906%20prohibited%20the,and%20Drug%20Administration%20(FDA). -
The Fitzgerald family moves back to St. Paul after Fitzgerald’s father loses his job. Fitzgerald attends St. Paul Academy, and it is there that he publishes his first piece of writing, at the age of 13. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
Fitzgerald attends the Newman School, a Catholic preparatory school in Hackensack, New Jersey. He meets Father Sigourney Fay, who recognizes Fitzgerald’s literary talent and encourages him to pursue writing. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline
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The 17th Amendment modified Article I, Section 3, of the Constitution by allowing voters to cast direct votes for U.S. senators. Prior to its passage, senators were chosen by state legislatures. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment#:~:text=Passed%20by%20Congress%20on%20May,were%20chosen%20by%20state%20legislatures. -
Fitzgerald enters Princeton University and writes for The Princeton Tiger, the school’s humor magazine. At Princeton he becomes a leading figure in literary life and writes scripts for the Triangle Club, a drama club at the university. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
A virus that spread easily and infected people throughout the world; because the virus was new, very few people, if any, had some immunity to the disease. From 1918 to 1919, the Spanish flu infected an estimated 500 million people globally. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21777-spanish-flu#:~:text=The%20Spanish%20flu%20was%20a,estimated%20500%20million%20people%20globally. -
During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Canada, Japan and the United States (the Allied Powers). By the time the war was over and the Allied Powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead. https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history -
Fitzgerald moves to New York City and lands a job at an advertising agency, making $90 a month. He works there for several months. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
The Eighteenth Amendment prohibited “the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors” but not the consumption, private possession, or production for one’s own consumption. https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-xviii/interpretations/169#:~:text=By%20its%20terms%2C%20the%20Eighteenth,production%20for%20one's%20own%20consumption. -
The Treaty of Versailles was signed by Germany and the Allied Nations on June 28, 1919, formally ending World War One. The terms of the treaty required that Germany pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, and give up all of its overseas colonies. https://guides.loc.gov/treaty-of-versailles -
His first book, This Side of Paradise, is published. The novel brings him fame and money. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
The 19th amendment legally guarantees American women the right to vote. Achieving this milestone required a lengthy and difficult struggle—victory took decades of agitation and protest. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/19th-amendment#:~:text=Passed%20by%20Congress%20June%204,decades%20of%20agitation%20and%20protest. -
Fitzgerald’s second novel, The Beautiful and Damned, is published. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline
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The Fitzgeralds, along with their daughter, Francis (called “Scottie”), who had been born in 1921, leave for France. After spending some time in Paris, the family moves to the Riviera. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
While in France, Fitzgerald completes his masterpiece, The Great Gatsby. After the success of this book, he writes several brilliant short stories, but eight years will pass before his next novel is published. https://www.britannica.com/summary/F-Scott-Fitzgerald-Timeline -
Commonly known as the “Lame Duck Amendment,” the Twentieth Amendment was designed to remove the excessively long period of time a defeated president or member of Congress would continue to serve after his or her failed bid for reelection. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Twentieth-Amendment -
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 set a minimum wage, overtime pay, equal pay, record keeping, and child labor rules. Generally, the bill provided for a 40-cent-an-hour minimum wage, a 40-hour maximum workweek, and a minimum working age of 16 except in certain industries outside of mining and manufacturing. https://www.dol.gov/general/aboutdol/history/flsa1938#:~:text=Generally%2C%20the%20bill%20provided%20for,outside%20of%20mining%20and%20manufacturing. -
Worldwide economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted until about 1939. It was the longest and most severe depression ever experienced by the industrialized Western world, sparking fundamental changes in economic institutions, macroeconomic policy, and economic theory. https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Depression -
For the last years of his life, Fitzgerald lived in Hollywood, earning his living as a screenwriter. Fitzgerald died on December 21, 1940 at the age of forty-five, leaving his final novel, The Last Tycoon, unfinished. https://www.loc.gov/item/today-in-history/september-24/#:~:text=For%20the%20last%20years%20of,%2C%20The%20Last%20Tycoon%2C%20unfinished. -
The systematic state-sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. The Germans called this “the final solution to the Jewish question." https://www.britannica.com/event/Holocaust -
World War II was the biggest and deadliest war in history, involving more than 30 countries. Sparked by the 1939 Nazi invasion of Poland, the war dragged on for six bloody years until the Allies defeated the Axis powers of Nazi Germany, Japan and Italy in 1945. https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii
