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During the Civil War in 1937, this party was founded. After Franco's victory, the only political parties authorized in the nation were the FET and the JONS, monopolizing political activity. It became a vital component of the franquista machinery for retaining power. Fascist, ultranationalist, militarist, traditionalist, conservative, Catholic, monarchist, and other terms were used to describe his ideas. -
The boys and girls were divided once more. In the case of women, this education was motivated by the role they want to play: mother, supporter of men, and educator of future generations of boys and girls. Women were in the background at the time. To that goal, the Women's Section was established, with the ideal of a subservient wife who was religious and patriotic. -
The Franco administration aimed to abolish the Second Spanish Republic's education system, propagate the dictatorship's ideological beliefs in schools, build a National Catholic education system, and purge teaching personnel who were not affiliated with the regime. -
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Franco's autarchy, an economic system in which the Franco administration restricted the country's borders in an attempt to boost the economy, was founded. They concentrated on repairing regional enterprises and providing facilities to farmers and ranchers in order to restore the economy by prioritizing domestic products. There was a heavy government presence in all sectors of the economy to prevent any foreign items from entering. -
Franco was obliged to make changes in his government as a result of the changing international circumstances. The Falangists lost power, and Catholics and monarchists took over most of the ministries and senior positions. The National Movement was renamed FET and de las JONS, and the political system was characterized as an organic democracy, despite the fact that the dictatorship remained in place. -
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The maquis was a collection of anti-Franco guerrilla organizations that emerged in Spain following the Civil War and began operating during the war. With the German army retreating in 1944, many of these rebels shifted their anti-fascist campaign to Spain. -
Following a vote of the United Nations General Assembly in 1946, the Cold War ended Franco's isolation. On December 9, 1946, a demonstration against foreign meddling took place at the Plaza de Oriente.
Spain steadily entered the international scene: in 1952, it joined UNESCO; in 1956, it became a full member of the United Nations.
Four US sites were created on the peninsula as part of the Madrid pacts of 1953. This rapprochement with the United States aided the dictatorship's survival. -
Spain was heavily damaged by the oil crisis. Inflation, owing to rising oil costs, company closures, and unemployment were the primary expressions. Tourist arrivals and revenue from immigrants who returned to Spain because they were unemployed in the countries where they had gone.
Unemployment rose even higher as a result of this. -
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The Francoist dictatorship lasted until 1975, when dictator Franco died, following which the process of democratization in Spain began.
King Juan Carlos I named Adolfo Suárez as President of the Government, and from there, legislation to restore democracy were enacted. -
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In plenary meetings of the Congress of Deputies and the Senate, the Cortes Generales accepted the Magna Carta. The final vote in Congress was 325 in favor, 6 against, and 15 abstentions. In the Senate, 226 people voted in favor, 5 voted against, and 8 people abstained. It was accepted by the Spanish people in a referendum on December 6 with 88.4% affirmative votes. -
Following the ratification of the Spanish Constitution in 1978, the building of the State of Autonomies was a process in which Spain's regions and nationalities committed to autonomy. It took place from 1979 until 1995. There are now seventeen independent villages and two autonomous cities. -
They committed to parliamentary monarchy, people's sovereignty, division of powers, legislative authority (Congress and Senate), executive power (president and ministers), and judicial power by embracing the constitution (judges, magistrates and prosecutors). -
The PSOE won the 1982 elections, and until 1996, socialist administrations led by Felipe González succeeded one another. It has been the longest duration of government by a single political party in Spain's democratic history. The political situation in Spain in 1982 was precarious. There was a risk of a fresh military coup because democracy was not properly entrenched. Our country's democracy was firmly established between 1982 and 1996. -
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Following President Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo of the conservative UCD gave his inauguration speech, Spain began the formalities to join NATO a few years after the Franco regime ended. The majority of the populace was dissatisfied with this choice. This exemplified the antimilitarism of a society that had just recently escaped from 40 years of tyranny to embark on the democratic journey. -
Spain's accession to the European Union took effect in 1986, but the Accession Treaty was signed in Madrid in June 1985. In addition, Fernando Mara Castella, the then-Minister of Foreign Affairs, made the initial bid to join the European Economic Community in 1962.
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