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In August of 1831, a slave by the name of Nat Turner initiated an uprising across numerous plantations in Virginia. This uprising continued for over two days and had results in the deaths of over 60 white people.
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In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom's Cabin. This book opened the eyes of many to the horrors of slavery within the southern plantations.
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 officially established Kansas and Nebraska as territories. A guerilla war was initiated between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces which resulted in the casualties of over 50 settlers.
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In 1857, a Virginian slave by the name of Dred Scott attempted to sue for his freedom. This case rose to the Supreme Court where the case was dismissed under the circumstances that Dred Scott was solely considered property.
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On December 20, 1860, Lincoln was elected President. This new president struck fear into southerners as their ways of life would dramatically change.