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Dual Monarchy
Monarchy came together with Austria and Hungary, Germany mainly agreed to the alliance because of cultural connections. Austria-Hungary wanted a buffer from Russia and needed Germany as an ally in case Russia attacked Austria-Hungary. -
French Imperialism
French were trying to build a colonial empire. They sought places especially in Africa. French claim on land was questioned by Wilhelm II in 1905 when he sent the war ship, "The Panther" to their French ports in Africa. -
"A trois in A Europe of five powers"
The countries wanted to side with at least 2 other powers in Europe because there were 5 great powers. Austria-Hungary and Germany joined together with the smaller power of Italy whereas Russia, Great Britain and France joined together. -
Alsalce-Lorraine
Germany took over the French territory of Alsalce-Lorraine. This started the Franco-Prussian war. After this war, Germany became unified and this war actually caused great tension between the two countries. -
Great Britain
"splendid isolation" for Britain, they spent this time working on internal affairs and avoiding Germany. They were excluded from almost all foreign affairs within Europe. -
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Industrialization
Industrialization throughout Europe was booming at this time, especially in Germany. The industrialization of European countries was vital during this time because their progression ultimately is what decided the outcome of World War I. Germany's growth in industry specifically gave them leverage in the war and made their military so powerful. -
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Militarism, Nationalism, and Imperialism
The build up of European countries' military happens from the 1870s to the assassination of Franz Ferdinand and that start of World War I in 1914. Great nationalistic feelings were bubbling in Europe during this time and created tremendous tension, especially in the Balkan states. Also imperialism was throughout Europe and increased countries' need for more colonial expansion. -
Gladstone
He was a pious British prime minister before and after Disraeli from the 1860s to even 1890s -
Germany is a giant
Germany was a rising giant -
Bismarck is Chancellor
Otto von Bismarck becomes the Chancellor of Germany. -
Three Emperor's League
Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Germany -
Disraeli
He was the new British prime minister after Gladstone -
Dual Alliance
Between Austria-Hungary and Germany -
Triple Alliance
Between Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy -
Mediterranean Agreements
Between AH, Italy, and Britain to keep up the status quo -
Reinsurance Treaty
Between Russia and Germany that outlined their alliance and then the alliance ended in 1890 -
Bismarck is dismissed
Otto von Bismarck is dismissed from his position as Chancellor of Germany. -
Franco-Russian Alliancec
They joined an alliance together -
Weltpolitik
Weltpolitik was a foreign policy created by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. The policy was the participation of world affairs, specifically including colonial expansion. This adoption of Weltpolitik really heightened tension throughout Europe and countries questioned Germany's intentions. -
Russo-Japanese War
"A happy little war" for Russia but it ended in failure for Russia -
Entente Cordiale
Entente Cordiale was a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and the French Third Republic. Beyond the immediate concerns of colonial expansion addressed by the agreement, the signing of the Entente Cordiale marked the end of almost a millennium of intermittent conflict between the two nations. This agreement was crucial to World War I because they will later join militarily and fight the Germans. -
HMS Dreadnought
Dreadnought was the first battleship of her era to have a uniform main battery, rather than having a few large guns complemented by a heavy secondary battery of somewhat smaller guns. She was also the first capital ship to be powered by steam turbines, making her the fastest battleship in the world at the time of her completion. Her launch helped spark a major naval arms race as navies around the world, particularly the German Imperial Navy rushed to match her in the build-up to World War I. -
Triple Entente
Created between Great Britain, France, and Russia -
Balkan League
An alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1911 between the Balkan states of Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia, and directed against the Ottoman Empire. -
1st Balkan War
The 1st Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913. It was the Balkan League (Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Bulgaria) against the Ottoman Empire.As a result of the war, almost all remaining European territories of the Ottoman Empire were captured and partitioned among the allies. Ensuing events also led to the creation of an independent Albanian state. Despite its success, Bulgaria was dissatisfied over the division of the spoils in Macedonia, which provoked the start of the Second War. -
2nd Balkan War
This was the Second Balkan War, started by Bulgaria and they fought Serbia and Greece. Bulgaria attacked Serbia and Greece due to Bulgaria's discontent of the distribution of the land and this also provoked Romanian intervention. During this time, the Ottoman Empire also tried to regain land lost in the 1st Balkan War. The 2nd Balkan War was crucial to the Great War later because the Bulgarian attack broke their alliance with Russia and left Russia with Serbia as its only Balkan ally. -
White Dominions
British dominions around the world help give the Allies leverage in the war. Colonies such in places such as Africa, Canada, Australia, and India will later help the Allies being supplying food, military, and other resources. -
Franz Ferdinand is assassinated
Franz Ferdinand's assassination is what sparks World War I as the intricate European alliances pull all the countries in the war when Austria-Hungary declares war against Serbia because Franz was the Austrian heir and was killed by a Serbian nationalist. -
July Crisis
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia even though Serbia agreed to their ultimatium. This is the beginning of World War I because Germany militarily helps Austria-Hungary and Russia sides with their ally, Serbia. Then France sides with Russia because of their alliance and Great Britain joins the war because Germany invades Belgium, a British ally.