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Egypt's Rise to Democracy

  • Arab Spring

    Arab Spring
    Egyptiansacross the Nation hold demonstrations against the authoritarian rule of Hosni Mubarak, who led the country for three decades, in what would become known as the Arab Spring.
  • Violence in the Square

    Violence in the Square
    Three protesters are after a large security force moves into Cairo's Tahrir Square, beating and arresting protesters using rubber bullets and tear gas.
  • Violence and No facebook

    Violence and No facebook
    Protesters clash with police in Cairo neighbourhoods and the city of Suez ,
    In the northern Sinai area of Sheikh Zuweid, several hundred bedouins and police exchange live gunfire,
    Facebook, Twitter and Blackberry Messenger services are disrupted.
  • Mubarak dismisses his Cabinet

    Mubarak dismisses his Cabinet
    Making his first appearance since the protests began, Mubarak announces he asked his cabinet to resign but refuses to step down from power. His location is unknown
  • Welcome the VP

    Welcome the VP
    Mubarak appoints Omar Suleiman, the country's former spy chief, who had worked closely with Mubarak as the vice president for the first time in his nearly 30 year reign
  • Evacuations

    Evacuations
    The US embassy in Cairo advised all Americans currently in Egypt to consider leaving as soon as possible, given the unrest. The UK authorities have advised against all but essential travel to the country for its citizens.
    Turkey announces that it is sending aircraft to evacuate its citizens
  • Murbarak Refuses to step down once again

    Murbarak Refuses to step down once again
    Mubarak announces in a televised address that he will not run for re-election but refuses to step down from office - the central demand of the protesters.
  • Period: to

    Violence in the Tharir Square

    Violent clashes rage for much of the days around Tahrir Square in central Cairo. Up to 1,500 people are injured, and by the day's end at least three deaths are reported. Differing reports of how many people died in the 11 days of protests and clashes begin to surface during this time. The Egyptian health minister says 11 people have died, while the United Nations says 300 people may have been killed across the country since protests began.
  • Day of Departure

    Day of Departure
    Thousands of anti-government protesters gather in Cairo's Tahrir Square
  • Murbarak Resigns

    Murbarak Resigns
    Hosni Mubarak resigns as the Egyptian President and hands over power to the Military. Celebrations in the Tahrir Square last until the next morning
  • Another Attack

    Another Attack
    A couple of hundred protesters are attacked by the military with sticks, severely injuring some of them. The attack was against a planned sit-in to protest against Prime Minster Ahmed Shafiq, who was appointed by Mubarak. The Military apologizes the next day
  • Polls

    Polls
    The first post-Mubarak referendum on constitutional amendments proposed under SCAF supervision takes place  Many Egyptians line up in front of polling stations for the first time in their lives.
  • No more Protests

    No more Protests
    On the same day the cabinet approves a law criminalising protests, a protest held by students is dispersed violently by the army.
  • Protests begin in the Tahrir once more

    Protests begin in the Tahrir once more
    Mass protests take place in Tahrir demanding the full dismantling of the old regime, regarding it as bent on counter-revolution. Some army officers join the protests in uniform. The military violently disperses the protests with help from the police and arrests the army officers.
  • Second Day of Rage

    Second Day of Rage
    Protesters take to streets and squares around Egypt demanding that the revolution run its course.
  • Million Man Marches

    Million Man Marches
    Protesters stage one of their trademark million-man marches in Tahrir Square to pressure the army into speeding up trials of former regime figures and police officers accused of killing demonstrators in January
  • Parlimentary Elections

    Parlimentary Elections
    Voting begins in Egypt's first parliamentary elections since Mubarak's ouster. The election is staged over a period of several weeks and concludes in January with nearly half the seats won by the previously banned Muslim Brotherhood.
  • Presidential Campaign Begins

    Presidential Campaign Begins
    The presidential campaign officially begins, with the election commission announcing the candidates running for president. The commission had earlier disqualified 10 presidential hopefuls, including three considered to be potential front-runners.
  • Period: to

    Election Continues

    Egyptians vote in a runoff election between Morsi and Shafiq. The military council that has ruled since the uprising issues an interim constitution, giving the generals sweeping authority to maintain their grip on power and limiting the powers of the president.
  • Who really won?

    Who really won?
    Morsi and Shafiq both declare victory
  • Morsi Wins

    Morsi Wins
    Election officials declare Morsi the winner of Egypt's first free election with 51.7 percent of the vote