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January 25
Organised on Facebook and dubbed a “day of revolution” on January 25, thousands gather in Cairo and several other Egyptian cities to demonstrate against poverty and political repression. Protesters chanting anti-Mubarak slogans clash with police, who used water cannons and tear gas against the crowds. Protests erupt across Egypt demanding accountability and democracy. -
January 28
Anti-government protests in Egypt intensify when demonstrators clash with police following Friday prayers. Internet and telephone services are disrupted in an effort to limit the extent of demonstrations. Mubarak imposes a curfew and deploys army units in an attempt to control the unrest. -
February 2
Violence intensifies as anti-government protesters clash with crowds of Mubarak supporters in Tahrir Square in Cairo. The members of the Muslim Brotherhood, the most organised political opposition group in Egypt, hide any visible religious symbols in conformity with the non-ideological tone set by the protest’s young organisers. Security forces kill hundreds of people in clashes that would ensue and the military mobilises amid unrest. -
February 6
February 6 – The Egyptian government holds talks with members of the opposition. The banned Muslim Brotherhood also takes part. -
February 11
Omar Suleiman, Mubarak’s intelligence chief and vice president, announces that Mubarak would step down after weeks-long protests, leaving the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, a council of high-ranking military officers headed by then defence minister Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, in control. Hundreds of thousands celebrate in Tahrir Square. The United States withdraws support for Mubarak’s regime. -
February 12
The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces issues a statement saying that the military will hand over power to an elected civilian government. A spokesman also states that Egypt will continue to abide by international treaties, implying that the 1979 peace treaty with Israel would not be challenged. -
February 13
The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces suspends the constitution and dissolves Egypt’s two legislative bodies, the People’s Assembly and the Consultative Assembly. A statement issued by the council announces that a commission would be set up to draft a new constitution to be approved via referendum and that the military would remain in power for six months or until new elections can be held. -
June 29
New clashes break out in Cairo between police and protesters, who accuse the interim government of continuing many of the authoritarian practices of the Mubarak regime. -
August 3
Mubarak’s trial for complicity in the killing of some 900 protesters during the 2011 revolution and for corruption begins