-
427 BCE
Socrates, Plato and Aristoteles
they discussed the following educational psychology
topics: the kinds of education appropriate to different,
kinds of people; the training of the body and the cultivation of psychomotor skills; the formation of good character; the possibilities and limits of moral education; and learning apart from a teacher. -
1483
Martin Luther (1483-1546)
Martin Luther was at the forefront of those who realized the need for change in education, and with the characteristic zeal, he sought to effect improvements in Wittenberg and throughout Germany. -
1492
Juan Luis Vives (1492- 1540)
He stated to teachers and others with educational responsibilities, such as those in government and commerce, that there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned, and in this way, he anticipated Herbart and the 19th-century psychologists. -
John Comenius (1592-1671)
He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theory and inaugurated the use of visual aids in instruction. Media and instructional research, a vibrant part of contemporary educational psychology, has its origins in the writing and textbook design of Comenius. -
John Lock (1632-1704)
When born, the mind of the child is like a blank slate — “tabula rasa”, to be filled later with the data derived from sensory experience. It logically ensues that education plays a crucial role in the moral development and social integration of any human being. Education means shaping according to each individual’s temperament and skills, exercised without brutality, but in a rigorous and pragmatic manner -
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
Jean Jacques Rousseau put forth a new theory of educational pedagogy. He explained his views on the benefits of health and physical exercise and the belief that knowledge acquisition occurs through experience and that reason and investigation should replace arbitrary authority. He proposed educating children according to their natural inclinations, impulses, and feelings. -
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827)
He was one of the first educators who attempted to put Rousseau's teaching into practice and teach children by drawing upon their natural interests and activities. -
Johann Friedrich Herbart ( 1776-1841)
Herbartian promoted teaching by means of a logical progression of learning, a revolutionary idea at the end of the 19th century. -
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903)
Herbert Spencer helped transform sentiments about pedagogy into systematic theory and method through his emphasis on the scientific study of the educational process. -
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)
Wundt has bestowed this distinction because of his formation of the world's first experimental psychology lab, which is usually noted as the official start of psychology as a separate and distinct science. -
William James (1842-1910)
Considered the central figure in the establishment of psychology in America. James consistently held a holistic view of human beings, and he understood the important distinction between the real world on the one hand and both laboratory and school tasks on the other. -
G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924),
Stanley Hall, the founder of the child study movement that James
worried about, was a promoter of psychology in ways that James must have found distasteful. Hall was APA's organizer and its first president. -
Joseph Mayer Rice (1857- 1934)
The father of research on teaching. . Rice endured great difficulties for his beliefs just a few years before the experimental psychology of E. L. -
John Dewey (1859-1952),
He was against rote learning and drill and practice approaches. He was for what we would call today the development of thinking skills and against the attainment of decontextualized, inert forms of knowledge. -
Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1947)
Thorndike's influence resulted in arrogance on the part of educational psychologists, closed-mindedness about the complexities of the life of the teacher, and the power of the social and political influences on the process of schooling.
