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Oct 25, 1500
First occupants
-Trade network: barter system,no sense of economical value, traded within families, groups and tribes
-European fishing grounds: European fisheries before french regime, contacts between
european fisherman and natives were sometimes peaceful, not peaceful at other times. -
Economy based on fur trade
-Native alliance were require to dothe hunting because of population.
-Elargement of territory for fur trade
-Establishment of trading posts: Quebec and Three rivers. -
Alliances and Rivalries
-Their alliances with certain native groups pulled the Europeans into native conflicts and vice-versa -
Chartered companies
-Charted company system based on priviledges and obligations. -
Organization and ocuppation of territory
-Big territory with small population -
Economic policies
-Merchantalism: Exporting more than you import -
Agricultutal activity
-Substisence agriculture:planting just enough for the consumption of by your family. -
Opening of regions of colonization
-Overpopulation of seigneuries lead to opening of new regions: Outaouais, Mauricie and Laurentides. -
Economy based on fur
-Fur trade passes into the hands of English.
-Creation of the North West company wich later merges with the Hudson Bay company.
-Decline in fur trade in the 19th century. -
First phase of industrialisation in Québec
-Came in 19th century, skilled craftsmen are replaced with faster machines. -
Economy based on timber
-A blockade by Napolean puts timber in a increased demand, creating new jobs;lumberjacks, sawmills and loggers.
-Development of railroads, canals and steamships. -
Exploitation of resources
-Exploitation of resources were by sector and by period
-Birth of crown corporations -
Industrial development
-Phases of industrial development:
-1st phase(1867-1900)
-2nd phase(1900-1930)
-War period(1939-1945)
-Post-war period(1945-1970)
-Since 1970 source of capitol is flown from the U.S.A -
Urban Expansion
-Development of cities;services and infrastructure
-Development of suburbs
-Rural exodus -
Workers demands
-Development of unions
-Nature of demands:workings conditions and living conditions
-Strikes and lockouts -
Population changes
-Population of Canada increased by 30-49% from 1871-1901
-¨people were leving Québec because of overpopulisation of farms.
-People were immigrating to the U.S. and to urban areas.
-Rich lived well however for most conditions were poor and there was a high mortality rate among newborns. -
Economic cycles
-Phases of economic growth:war periods,post-war periods,phases of industrialization, quiet revolution etc.
-Phases of recession: economic crises,oil crises etc. -
Economic policies
-The nationalist policies of John A. Macdonald:
-Increase custon duties
-Build railways
-Encourage Immigration -
The Great Depression
-Caused by the stock market crash of 1929
-Most sectors were hit hard thus many were laid off wich lead to families buying only the bare necesities
-Goverment offered work camps, direct aid and encouraged farming
-Came to the end with the boom of the first world war -
Quiet revolution
-Main featues of the quiet revolution:
-Make the Québec the major force behind its social and economic development.
-Modernize Québecs education system.
-Weaken the influence of the church
