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Mendel discovers the basic principles of genetics. Mendel tried to cross breed pea plants, discovering 7 characteristics: plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and flower position and color. Mendel is considered the father of genetics.
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In 1870, Friedrich Miescher isolated "nuclein," DNA with associated proteins, from cell nuclei. He was the first to identify DNA as a distinct molecule.
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Griffith discovered that heat can turn harmless bacteria into fatal bacteria.
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Avery and his colleagues discovered that DNA was a transforming factor when they tried to destroy it using enzymes.
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Chargraff discovered the reasoning behind base pairing.
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Franklin and Wilkins discovered and studied the structure of DNA.
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Hershey and Chase discovered that DNA is in the nuclei of all cells.
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Using the past research from Chargraff, Franklin, and Wilkins, Watson and Crick discovered the shape of DNA, comparing the structure to a double helix.
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Following Watson and Crick's discovery, George Gamow created the RNA Tie Club to try and decipher the genetic codes. There were 20 members who each wore unique ties that symbolized a certain amino acid.
