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The first "parties" were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. These were not unified parties but they were the foundations of the current parties (https://www.preceden.com/timelines/299975-two-party-system)
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by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison around 1792 to oppose the centralizing policies of the new Federalist Party run by Alexander Hamilton, who was secretary of the treasury and chief architect of George Washington's administration.(https://www.google.com/search?q=democratic+-+republican&rlz=1CAIXET_enUS835&oq=democratic+-&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.12380j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&safe=active&ssui=on)
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Liberal, open for change, favor minimum wage, want to decrease military spending, and support abortion.
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A movement for more democracy in American government in the 1830s. Led by President Andrew Jackson, this movement championed greater rights for the common man and was opposed to any signs of aristocracy in the nation. (https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1CAIXET_enUS835&ei=e7BZXIv3GcyJggezsaO4Bg&q=jacksonian+democracy&oq=jackson&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0i67j0i131j0i67j0j0i67l2j0j0i67l2j0.935736.937097..940212...0.0..0.79.429.7......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71.CB2Shf3ufL0&safe=active&ssui=on)
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conservative, taxes shouldn't be increased, increase military spending, and oppose abortion.
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The Republican Party first came to power in the elections of 1860 when it won control of both houses of Congress and its candidate, Abraham Lincoln, was elected President. (https://www.google.com/search?q=the+party+of+lincoln+republicans&rlz=1CAIXET_enUS835&oq=the+party+of+lincoln+republicans&aqs=chrome..69i57j0.13215j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&safe=active&ssui=on)
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The Great Depression led change in political landscape, 1932 FDR was elected president when it took affect. Mostly southerners.