Civil War Virtual Timeline

  • South Carolina Votes to Secede from US

    When Abraham Lincoln became president, slaveholding states in the South grew very unhappy. This led to South Carolina being the first state to secede from the federal Union.
  • Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address

    Abraham Lincoln to the oath of office for his first term on this day. He focused on reassuring Southern states by saying that he would find a way for them to keep their slaves.
  • Confederate Forces Fire on Fort Sumter

    The Battle of Fort Sumter started the American Civil War. It lasted one day and happened in Charleston, Virginia.
  • Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus

    Lincoln suspended habeas corpus between D.C. and Philadelphia to help military authorities quiet rebels. With this in place, commanders were able to detain people posing a threat to miliary operations.
  • Richmond Becomes the Capital of the Confederacy

    They decided in the Confederate Capital City of Montgomery to name the City of Richmond as the new Capital of the Confederacy. This was to recognize Virginia's strategic importance.
  • The First Battle of Bull Run

    The First Battle of Bull Run was the first major land battle of the Civil War. The armies fought near Manassas Junction, Virginia. It lasted two hours.
  • Jefferson Davis elected President of the Confederacy

    Davis was elected President of the Confederate States of America for a six-year term. He ran unopposed after already being a temporary president for about a year.
  • The Merrimack and the Monitor Fight of the Virginia Coast

    Sometimes called the Battle of Hampton Roads, the Battle of the Monitor and the Merrimack is known as the first duel between ironclad warships. History knows it as the start of a new naval warfare era.
  • Battle of Shiloh

    This battle was a major engagement in the early Civil War. The Confederates attacked the Union by surprise and started a one-day battle that ended with a win for the Union.
  • Robert E. Lee Named Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia

    Robert E. Lee became commander and renamed the forces the Army of Northern Virginia. He took over to defend the city of Richmond from Union forces.
  • Battle of Antietam

    The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest battle in the Civil War. The Union beat the Confederacy which guided Lincoln to release the Emancipation Proclamation.
  • Battle of Fredericksburg

    This battle was a low point for the Union in the Civil War. They fought from December 11-15, 1862, and suffered many casualties. The Union outnumbered the Confederacy with soldiers but still lost and lost far more men.
  • Announcement of Emancipation Proclamation

    President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation as the US began its third year of the Civil War. It declared that all slaves in the rebellious states were free.
  • Battle of Chancellorsville

    This battle lasted 6-7 days and was a major battle in the Civil War. The Confederacy won under Robert E. Lee; it is considered to be his greatest victory during the war.
  • Battle of Gettysburg

    The Union won the Battle of Gettysburg against the Confederates. Over a third of the Confederacy on the battlefield were killed on these days (July 1-3, 1863). This was a turning point in the Civil War.
  • Confederates Surrender at Vicksburg

    The Confederates surrendered after accepting parole to Pemberton and his army. The Union took control of the city the next day.
  • New York City Draft Riots

    These riots lasted 6 days in lower Manhattan caused by Civil War conscription. There were roughly 120 deaths and these riots were some of the bloodiest and most destructive in US history.
  • Lincoln Gives His Gettysburg Address

    President Lincoln was asked to speak at the dedication of the Gettysburg Civil War Cemetery. The featured speaker was former Hardvard dean, Edward Everett.
  • Atlanta is Captured

    General Tecumseh of the Union Army captured Atlanta, an important Confederate hub. They cut off supply lines and shelled civillians.
  • Abraham Lincoln Wins Re-Election Against George McClellan

    President Lincoln (republican) beat former General McClellan (democrat) in NYC in the re-election. Lincoln won by a margin of 212–21 in the electoral college and snagged 55% of the popular vote.
  • Sherman Begins His March to the Sea

    Union General Sherman started his march by setting the industrial section of Atalanta on fire. He pulled away from his supply lines and started across Georgia.
  • Congress Passes the 13th Amendment

    The 13th amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and the House on January 31, 1865. It was passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and then ratified on December 6, 1865. This abolished slavery in the US.
  • Freedmen's Bureau is Created

    Freedmen's Bureau was “An Act to establish a Bureau for the Relief of Freedmen and Refugee." This provided food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners and newly freed slaves.
  • Richmond Falls to the Union Army

    Confederate lines broke after a nine-month siege on this morning. This left the Confederate Capitol defenseless.
  • Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address

    After beating General Grant in the election of 1864, Lincoln gave his Second Inaugural Address at the US Capitol. He spoke about forgiveness between the North and the South and the end of war and slavery in the country.
  • Robert E. Lee Surrenders at Appomattox

    Robert E. Lee surrendered his Confederate troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, in the Appomattox Court House. This ended the American Civil War.
  • President Lincoln Assassination

    President Lincoln was assassinated at Ford's Theatre in Washington D.C. He was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth and he died the next morning.
  • Death of John Wilkes Booth

    John Wilkes Booth was murdered by Union soldiers in Virginia 12 days after he killed President Lincoln. They tracked him down to a farm and he died at 26 years old.

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