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Invention of the cotton gin
Cotton gin was a machine designed by Eli Whitney. It was used to remove cotton from its seeds. The cotton gin made the cotton industry of the south explode. With the cotton gin it was easier in the availability and cheaper cloth. The invention was by-product of slaves. Cotton was also a cash crop. He came up with it during the Industrial Revolution. Eli made little on the cotton gin invention by the way. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise passed in 1820. It made a rule that prohibited slavery in states from the former Louisiana Purchases. It was the latitude 36 and degrees 30 minutes north. That did not include Missouri. It happened on March 3, 1820. It was an agreement between the two different parties of pro-slavery and anti-slavery to prohibit all slavery within the Louisiana Territory saves for where Missouri was to reside. As a result, a number of different states received bills which banned slavery. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso in 1846 would ban slavery in the new lands. It was also an unsuccessful congressional amendment. It was offered for the 1st time in 1846. It was to ban slavery from Mexico after the Mexico War. David Wilmot of Pennsylvania is who the sponsor was. The proviso never passed both houses of Congress, but it did ignite an intense national debate over slavery. This led to the antislavery Republican party in 1854. The platform of the Republican party was bases on the Wilmot Proviso. -
Compromise of 1850
The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the “Compromise of 1850”. The Compromise was about the antislavery advocates gained the admission of California as a free state. The prohibition of slave-trading in the District of Columbia was big. The party received concessions with regard to slaveholding in Texas. The Passage was so hated by abolitionists but that helped with the end of slavery 12 years later. The law was spurred to the operation of the Underground Railroad. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriett Beecher Stowe book was published on March 20, 1852. It was called “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”. The book had a major influence on the way people viewed slavery. In the book she was fighting for abolition. It was also Stowe’s reputation as a woman of letters. Of course it was about a slave named Tom. Stowe was a abolitionist. The book also showed the evils of slavery and all that it really was. -
Caning of Charles Sumner
The caning of Charles Sumner was a beating. Charles Sumner was a member of the House of Representatives. The guy who attacked Charles Sumner was named Rep. Preston Brooks of South Carolina. He went into the Senator’s office, outraged about slavery, and attacked Charles Sumner of Massachusetts. He did this with a cane. It took Charles years to recover. The South even gave him a new walking stick to replace the one he broke while beating Sumner. The attack was one step toward the Civil War. -
Dred Scott Decision
The Dred Scott Decision was all about a slave owned by John Emerson, Dred Scott of course. He was taken through Illinois and the Minnesota Territory, where slavery was outlawed by the Missouri Compromise which slavery was banned. When they went through he was not free and after his master died, he sued. He sued for the freedom of his family and himself. He said that he was staying in a free territory which meant that he was a free man. They ruled against him and the south was happy. -
Dred Scott Decision
The North on the other hand was so upset. So the ruling helped Lincoln become the first Republican president. That meant the it widened the divisions over slavery with Democracy. -
Lincoln-Douglas debates
In 1858, Abraham Lincoln was running for the Illinois seat in the US Senate against Democrat Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln did challenge Douglas to debates about seven of them. The debates occurred between Aug. 21 and Oct. 15, 1858. The debates happened in Illinois cities. The debates were about slavery, the Dred Scott decision for example. Douglas was saying Lincoln was a abolitionist and he was giving blacks the whites jobs. Then Lincoln argued that he was wanting to end slavery but not fighting -
Lincoln-Douglas debates
for political equality. Douglas then explain the Freeport Doctrine. It was mainly a belief that the people in a new territory should be able to decide whether or not they would allow slavery. Both sides were mad because slavery could continue or end. -
Raid on Harper's Ferry
the Raid of Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, John Brown was a vociferous opponent of slavery. He was all for using violence to his point across and even bloodshed. He was a radical abolitionist. So then he joined five of his sons in the Kansas Territory to aid Free Soilers to fight against proslavery. On Oct. 16, 1859, He rode into Harper’s Ferry with 22 followers. They wanted to take over the federal arsenal and armory. He thought slaves would help and come surround the area but they did not arrive. -
Election of 1860
Cotton gin was a machine designed by Eli Whitney. It was used to remove cotton from its seeds. The cotton gin made the cotton industry of the south explode. With the cotton gin it was easier in the availability and cheaper cloth. The invention was by-product of slaves. Cotton was also a cash crop. He came up with it during the Industrial Revolution. Eli made little on the cotton gin invention by the way. -
Formation of the Confederates States of America
In February 1861, representative found the Confederate States of America. They hoped for a peaceful separation from the North. They were the representatives from the seven seceded states. They met in Montgomery, Alabama. They didn’t consider their secession to have been illegal. They favored the Constitution but without radical innovations. The South left the Union because the Confederate States felt the United States thought they had broken the constitution. The Confederacy argued that the U.S -
Formation of the Confederate States of America
failed to enforce the Fugitive Slave Laws. Also the last reason is the government would not allow slavery in the new territories. The slave states of Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware remained loyal to the Union only. -
Fort Sumter
Battle of Fort Sumter happened on April 12, 1861. It happened in South Carolina. There was Major Robert Anderson from the Union. There was also Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard involved from the Confederate side. Confederate opened fire on the fort, which was effectively. Anderson surrendered Fort Sumter. The Bombardment of Fort Sumter was the opening engagement of the American Civil War. No casualties during the bombardment. It was an engagement of the American Civil War. -
First Battle of Bull Run
The first Battle of Bull Run was held in Manassas, Virginia. From the Union, Brigadier General Irvin McDowell was involved. Also Brigadier General Joseph E. Johnston and General P. G.T. Beauregard were from the Confederate side. Both sides mainly both planned to fight and attack. The Union had forces to meet the attack upon their left flank. The Confederate side knew it and won. This battle was the first of the Civil War and made it real for many. The Confederate side won. However, 5,000 men we -
First Battle of Bull Run
were part of the Union. -
Battle of Shiloh
helped realize that the Civil War will not end soon. The Union won of course. -
Battle of Shiloh
The Battle of Shiloh was on April 6, 1862. It was in Shiloh, Tennessee. From the Union, Major General Ulysses S. Grant and Major General Don Carlos Buell was involved. Also General Albert Sidney Johnston and General P.G.T. Beauregard from the Confederate side were involved. The Union forces were not prepared but they still managed to hold their own until the arrival of General Buell’s army and other reinforcements at Pittsburg Landing. Confederates loss their leader when he was killed. This batt -
Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest battle. It happened on 1862. It happened in Sharpsburg, Maryland. From the Union, Major General George B. McClellan was there. From the Confederate, it was General Robert E. Lee there. The battle forced the confederate Army to retreat back across the Potomac River. This is when Lincoln issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862. The battle was inconclusive but the North Did win a strategic advantage. This time it was 23,100 deaths -
Emancipation Proclamation
Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of boldly civil war. It did declare that all people that are slaves within the rebellious states are and henceforward shall be free. It was limited in many ways. It only applied to states that seceded for the Union. It did not end slavery in the nation. By the end of the war, almost 200,000 black soldiers and sailors had fought for the Union and freedom. The Emancipation Proclamation -
Battlefield of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg took place on Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The Union had Major General George G. Meade and the Confederate side had General Robert I. Lee. It was the costliest battle of the American Civil War. It was called that because of the number of casualties. About 51,ooo individuals were killed wounded, or even missing. Robert E. Lee failed to invade the North in a move designed to take pressure off of Virginia. The loss made Lee never again wanting to invade the North, Union won. -
Siege of Vicksburg
The siege of Vicksburg happened on May 18, 1863. It happened in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Major General Ulysses S. Grant from the Union was involved. Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton from the Confederate also was involved. Ulysses S. Grant’s armies converged on Vicksburg. They were investing the city. With the loss of Pemberton’s army, the Confederacy was split in half. Grant became General- in –Chief. His successes go t him that position. -
Gettysburg Address
Gettysburg Address was the most quoted speech in American history. The speech captures the essence of America and its principles as put forth in the Declaration of Independence. It was delivered on November 19, 1863. It transformed from slavery to the principles upon which the United States was founded. This speech was part of a ceremony on the battlefield. It was suppose to be Edward Everett’s spot light but Lincoln took it in two minutes. -
Election of 1864
The election of 1864, Lincoln was going to reelect. It was one of the presidential elections that were one of the most important in American history. It took place in the Union states during a Civil War. Lincoln of course won his second term of presidency. It was a landslide. He went against George B. McClellan. Lincoln ran under the National Union banner. None of the states loyal to the confederate States of America participated. Lincoln won over 400,000 popular votes. -
Siege of Richmond
The Battle of Richmond happened on Aug. 29, 1862. It happened in Richmond, Kentucky. The people involved were Major General William Nelson from the Union. Also Major General E. Kirby Smith was involved; he was from the Confederate side. The Rebel cavalry encountered Union troopers and began skirmishing. Union artillery and infantry joined the fray, and they force the Confederate cavalry to retreat. The way north was opened after Nelson and men escape but when Rebels captured approximately 4,000 -
Siege of Richmon
Yankees. The Confederacy won with 5, 650 casualties. -
Sherman's "March to the Sea"
Sherman’s March to the Sea was made in November 12 1864. It was from Atlanta to Savanna, Georgia. The man from the Union involved was Major General William Sherman of course. Also the confederate man was Major General Joseph Wheeler was involved. In the late 1864, Sherman left Atlantic to head toward the Atlantic Ocean. Some troops stopped him in and his forces on the way made destruction. He presented Lincoln with a Christmas gift, the Savannah and also he got victory. -
Freedmen' s Bureau
Freedmen’s Bureau was during the Reconstruction. It is technically Refugees, and abandoned lands. They extended it, despite the veto by President Andrew Johnson. It was mainly to provided food and medical care to help the freedmen to resettle. It also was to manage abandoned property. It opened 4000 schools. It was successful in education but not in the land part. Andrew Jackson gave land to the Confederate landowners. -
Appomattox Courthouse
Majority of Robert E. Lee forces were setting up a temporary camp one mile north of Appomattox Court House. I happened in Appomattox County, Virginia. Lt. General Ulysses S. Grant, of the Union and General Robert E. Lee from Confederate side was involved. It was the final major engagement of the Civil War. Lee surrendered to Grant. Robert E. Lee. Lee wanted to make one last attempt to escape the closing Union pincers. He surrendered on April 9th. Union won of course with 700 casualties. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln died at the Petersen House, across the street from the theater that he went to go see Our American Cousin. Eventually Booth was shot and killed. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln happened on the evening of Friday, April 14, 1865, in a booth at Ford’s Theatre. It happened at about 10.15 p.m. Booth opened the door to the State Box and went in and shot Lincoln in the back of the head. When he shot Lincoln, Rathbone, major, struggled to fight him and he got stabbed and then John Wilkes Booth jumped off to the stage, hurt his leg and then escaped. Later on Lincoln never gain consciousness and died on April 15, 1865. Lincoln died -
13th amendment
The 13th amendment was ratified on December 18, 1865. It was ratified during Reconstruction. It was constructed two years after Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. It has two sections. The first section talks about neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, It mentions it as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. It should also exist within the United States. The section is about Congress of course. -
14th amendment
The 14th amendment was ratified on July 9, 1868. It was ratified during the Reconstruction era. It had four principles, they were state and federal citizenship for all persons, no state would be allowed to abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens, no person allowed to be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process and lastly equal protection. There have been lawsuits with the 14th amendment over time. The amendment uses state in Privileges and Immunities clause is one. -
14th amendment
Another on e is that it mentions state in the Due Process Clause. The courts have put the word “person” to include corporations. The 14th amendment has the most significant clauses. So the amendment is mainly about being equal. -
15th amendment
The 15th amendment was ratified on February 3, 1870. It was ratified during the Reconstruction. It has two sections. The 1st section talks about how the right of citizens shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The section 2 is talking about the Congress. Congress shall enforce the article by appropriate legislation. -
Election 0f 1876
The Election of 1876 was high ranked out of all of them. It was so high up there because it was to enforce Reconstruction. The Republican party nominated James G. Blaine. The Democratic side nominated Samuel J. Tilden who was governor of New York. The candidate, who won, clearly won the popular vote.
