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Dred Scott v Sandford.
Dred Scott versus Stanford was a legal case in which the US supreme court on March 6, 1857 ruled that a slave under the name of Dred Scott who resided in a free state, territory where slavery was prohibited, was not entitled to his freedom and that African-Americans could never be citizens of the United States of America which is why this case was a landmark case. At the time the case was the most important slavery related decision in the United States Supreme Court history. -
13th Amendment
The 13th amendment to United States Constitution came about in 1865. The 13th amendment abolished slavery in involuntary servitude except as punishment for a crime the amendment was passed by Congress on January 31, 1865. This amendment of course was a huge deal because of the effects of slavery on the African-American population in the United States of America. He plays a huge role in civil rights and was a landmark moment for a lot of black slaves at the time. -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment to United States Constitution came about on July 9, 1868 as one of the Reconstruction amendments. The 14th amendment basically granted citizenship‘s to all people born or naturalized in the United States including former enslaved people and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws”. It was one of the three amendments passed during the reconstruction era to abolish slavery and establish civil and legal rights for black Americans. -
15th Amendment
The 15th Amendment of the United States Constitution came about in 1870 as the third and last of the Reconstruction amendments in addition to the 13th and 14th amendment. The 15th amendment specifically talks about how the constitution prohibits the federal government in each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on the citizens “race, color, or previous conditions of servitude”. The importance of this amendment was he gave African-Americans the right to vote. -
Plessy v Ferguson
Plessy versus Ferguson was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that surrounded racial segregation laws for public facilities. This case was important because the court held that state mandated segregation laws did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment to United States Constitution prohibits the United States in the states from denying the right to vote to citizens of United States on the basis of sex. The 19th amendment basically gave women the right to vote. With civil rights being a huge thing is often correlated with women’s rights and the 19th amendment was a huge ordeal for women’s rights so the 19th amendment allowed for women to vote and have as much constitutional rights as men. -
Brown v Board of Education
In brown versus board of education the United States Supreme Court ruled that the US state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in equality quality therefore being a direct rebuttal to the Plessy versus Ferguson case. The decision in the brown versus Board of Education marked a turning point in the history of race relations in the US. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The civil rights act of 1964 is an important moment in terms of civil rights in labor law in the United States the outlaws discrimination based on race color religion sex national origin and later sexual orientation and gender identity which was very huge for people who were of color specifically black people. The civil rights act of 1964 for bade discrimination based off of race giving black people an opportunity to advance in the workplace especially in big corporations. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The voting act right of 1965 is an important piece of federal legislation in the US that prohibits racial discrimination in voting it outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War including literacy test as a prerequisite to voting. Although earlier voting had already been legalized for people of color there have been many tactics used to further discriminate against people of color. -
Reed v Reed
Reed v reed was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court ruling that the administrators of the states cannot be named in a way that discriminates between sexes. This case prompted quotes to subject gender classifications to evermore careful scrutiny under the 14th amendment equal protection clause. Read versus read overturned an Idaho law they gave fathers automatic presidents over mothers in administrating a deceased child’s estate. -
Title IX
Title IX is a federal civil rights law in the US that was passed as part of the education amendment of 1972 a prohibit sex base discrimination in any score of the education program that receives federal money or a public school. This is a huge federal rights law for women allowing women to freely get education. It was also a big step for women’s rights in general. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Legends of the University of California versus Bakke was also a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States and the upheld affirmative action allowing race to be one of the several factors in college admission policy. The Supreme Court ruled that the universities use of racial quotas and it’s admission process was unconstitutional but the schools use of affirmative action to except more minorities applicants was constitutional in some circumstances. -
Americans with Disability Act
The Americans with disability act of 1990 also known as ADA was a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability and this also adds to just further belittling the idea of discrimination in general. This act is not limited to race gender orientation of any kind meaning disabled people have a civil right that prohibits discrimination against them. This is a huge civil rights issue and was very important for many people. -
Obergefell v Hodges
Obergefell v Hodges is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples which was huge for the LGBTQ+ community. It was argued only six years ago in 2015 and it allowed for people to freely marry who they wanted to which is now legalized in many states.