Civil Rights Movements

By laurel.elizabeth

  • 13th Amendment passed

    Following two years after the Emancipation Proclamation had been issued, the 13th Amendment, which states that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States", was passed consequently ending slavery throughout the US.

  • 14th Amendment Passed

    The 14th amendment stated that "All persons born or naturalized in the United States" should be granted US citizenship, including black Americans.

  • 15th Amendment Passed

    The 15th amendment allowed for black men the right to vote.

  • Plessy v. Ferguson

    Homer Plessy, a black man living in Louisiana, asserted that his constitutional rights had been violated when he was made to move into a Jim Crow car on the train, but the Supreme Court ruled otherwise and stood by their statement that "a state law that 'implies merely a legal distinction' between whites and blacks ddi not conflict with the 13th and 14th Amendments"-- a decision that was not overturned until the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ruling, over 55 years later.

  • 19th Amendment Passed

    Women gained the right to vote

  • Brown vs. the Board of Education

    A unanimous decision by the Supreme Court ended "federal tolerance of racial segregation" under pretenses that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal".

  • Civil Rights Act

    Signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Civil Rights Act offered protection for many aspects of civil rights for people of all genders and races, including the establishment of a Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department

  • Little Rock 9

    Nine black students came to be known as the Little Rock 9 as they fought to attend an all-white high school, the Little Rock Central High School in 1957. When they were unable to stay in the school due to threats, verbal abuse, and violence, they were dismissed at noon. Due to the lack of tolerance, President Eisenhower ordered for the national guard to escort the students into the school and pacify "the more belligerent and strident" students.

  • Woolworth's Lunch Counter Sit-in

    Four black college students request service at a Greensboro, NC Woolworth's and, when their request was denied, they stayed in their seats and started a peaceful protest that began a youth movement challenging the racial inequality in North Carolina and beyond.