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White primary is abolished Georgia Links
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White Primary is abolished in Georgia
The White primary was a legal device that was used by some southern states to prevent blacks from using their right to vote in a meaningful way. African Americans did not have any part in the primaries by the Georgia democratic party and its county affiliates. It had great effect on the Demacratic party because it was really the only big political institution that was involved in the south. It was abolished because the supreme court ruled it was unconstitutional. -
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Civil Rights Movement Timeline
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Integration of The Armed Forces
President Harry S. Truman signed the integration of the armed forces. It gave equality to African Americans not only in the military, but in the federal work force and in the public education. President Truman signed the order because he wanted to stop the segregation in the forces. At first the military did not except the policy Truman enstated. As the years progressed blacks were intergrated into the military. -
Brown vs Board of Education
Oliver L. Brown, who was a black father, the supreme court and the board of education was involved in this case. As a result, it violated the 14th amendment and therefore was unconstitutional. This ruling made the way for integration and the civil rights movement. The court overturned Plessy vs Ferguson. They declared that there is to be no more racial segregation in public schools. -
Brown vs Board of Education links
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Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott links
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Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks, an African American woman who refused to give up her seat to a white man on a bus in Montgomery, Alabaama. She was taken off the bus and arrested for violating the citys segregation law. A huge rebellion boke out and the blacks decided to stop riding the buses. Which was terrible buisness for the bus fair. Their was a federal ruling, Browder vs Gayle and they were taken to supreme court and it was ruled unconstitutional. -
Change to Georgia's State Flag
Georgia's state flag was changed in 1956. The new flag had part of the old confederate flag included in it. The designers of the flag were John Sammons Bell, Willis Harden, and Jefferson Lee Davis. They added the confederacy part because they believed it honored the 100 year anniversery of the civil war. -
Change to Georgia's state flag links
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Crisis at Central High School and the Little Rock Nine
The "Little Rock Nine" were the first 9 black students to attend Little Rock Central High School in 1957. This was one of the first steps taken to create non-segregated public schools. On their first day of school their was a mob of students, and the national gaurd was there blocking the entrance to the school, not allowing them to enter. It was all planned by Govener Faubus. The African American students had no injuries, but they did not go to school that day. -
Crisis at Central High School and the "Little Rock Nine" links
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Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
On October 12th, fifty sticks of dynamite blew up the side of the building. A call had been recieved on the night before by one of the members and he said that there would be a bombing that will soon occur. The person took it as a joke and didnt believe the member. The National States' Rights Party bombed places that has blacks or jews working for them. The temple was a target because the rabbi was a friend of Martin Luther King, Jr. -
Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
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Sibley Commission
The Sibley Commission was established because it was incharge of finding segregated schools and reporting them back to the govener. There was one case they found that was Ernest Vandiver Jr., who was the governor of Atlanta.He was forced to decide whether to close all public schools or desegregatting them all. Most georgians that were interviewed said they would rather close the schools then intergrate them. The Sibley Commission gave them time to create a plan to desegregate all schools. -
Integration of The University of Georgia
UGA was segregated by state law and social tradition. Then until two African Americans named Charlayne Hunter (female) and Hamilton Holmes (male) were sent to UGA. UGA would not allow them to enter only because of their race. They could not find any other better reason form them to not attend to UGA, so the two were able to start school on the 9th in January. -
Integration of The University of Georgia
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Freedom Rides
They were groups of people that were any color or any age. They protested the segregated laws being made. They would ride any type of public transportation protesting in the south. Most of the time they would get attacked by white mobs. They inspired other movements with their protests later in the years. -
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Albany Movement
This movement was around rural areas in Albany. Alot of African Americans were involved in this movement, even Martin Luther King was drawn into this movement. They were potesting because they wanted to desegregate their entire community. It was unconstitutionl earlier to be segregated, so some blacks wanted to test it. This is what caused 1,000 African American jailings. -
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Birmingham, AL Protest
This movement was lead by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. They are battleing for equal rights for blacks in Birmingham, Alabama. Some protesters were harmed, or blasted at by a fire hose, and dogs were used too to keep anyone who tryed to stop them in line. The Birmingham, AL Protest was successful and was a major factor in the push towards the Civil Rights Act of 1964. -
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March on Washington DC
There were groups of civil rights, labor, and religious groups gathered at linoln memorial while Martin Luther King gave his famous speech, "I Have a Dream". More than half of the people their were black and the rest were white. This was an economic and civil rights march for blacks. It was said that the voting rights and the civil rights act were passed because of this march. -
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16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
At 10:22 am, there was a bomb that killed four girls and their names are Denise McNair, Addie Mae Collins, Carole Robertson, and Cynthia Wesle. It also injured 23 others. They targeted the place because the church was used as a meeting place for leaders such as Martin Luther King, Ralph David Abernathy and Fred Shutterworth. People say there was a man that dropped off a package on the steps of the church. The people blamed the govener of Alabama, George Wallace. -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed links
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John F. Kennedy Assassinated
At 12:30 p.m., JFK was shot while in the car with his wife, the governor of Texas, and the other governor's wife in the president's car. They were traveling in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas at the time before the shot was fired. -
John F. Kennedy Assassinated links
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Civil RIghts Act 1964 Passed
On July 2nd, the Civil Rights Act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. This ended all racial segregation in the U.S., made schools unsegregated, and segregated facilities and work places. -
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 Passed
This voting rights act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson who signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964. This gave blacks the right to vote without being stopped or not allowed to because of their race or color. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965 Passed links
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Summerhill Race Riot (atlanta)
There was a four day race riot in summerhill Atlanta wgen the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and their leader, Stokely Carmichael, were said to have started the riot after a police chase. There was one person that died and there were 20 people injured. -
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MLK Assassinated
Martin Luther King was killed while staying at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. He was only 39 years old when he died. He was killed by a man named James Earl Ray. Atlanta's reaction was more dramatic and heartbroken to MLK's death because he grew up in Atlanta. -
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All GA Schools Integrated
This happenend because it all started with the Brown vs Board of Education case. After the case, many tried to stop forming integrated schools. When blacks first started to arrive into all whit schools, there was violence, mobs, and protests that hadbegan from the staff and students. As the years continued on, all of Georgia's school's had been integrated.
