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Segregation laws
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Henry David Thoreau- the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest.
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Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
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Laws that had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt.
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form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.
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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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Included former slaves recently freed. In addition, it forbids states from denying any person "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” It was protection to Civil Rights.
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he Court avoided discussion of the protection granted by the clause in the 14th Amendment that forbids the states to make laws depriving citizens of their “privileges or immunities,” but instead cited such laws in other states as a “reasonable” exercise of their authority under the police power.
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Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum.
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to put to death, especially by hanging, by mob action and without legal authority.
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Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) became one of the leading activist organizations in the early years of the American Civil Rights Movement.
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became a prominent figure in the Civil Rights Movement and the global Pan-African movement.
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Caused definite tension, which gained national attention from the peaceful and harmful protests.
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The supreme court ruled that it's unconstitutional to separate people (unanimously) in schools based on race. The Schools were integrated with all deliberate speed. An example of this is "Remember the Titans"
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as an activist in the Civil Rights Movement, whom the United States Congress called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement".
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African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating.
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14-year-old African-American who was lynched in Mississippi after a white woman said she was offended by him in her family's grocery store.
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The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is a civil rights organization that was responsible for the 381- day boycott against the Montgomery Buses.
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A group of nine African American students that were first integrated into white public schools and enrolled in Little Rock Central High School.
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Voting Rights Bill
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American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the Civil Rights Movement.
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The Greensboro sit-ins were a series of nonviolent protests in Greensboro, North Carolina,
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Silent Protest with White and Black protestors sitting together on the buses. All 328 young people were beaten and thrown in jail.
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American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association
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An African-American man named James Meredith attempted to enroll at the University of Mississippi. Chaos briefly broke out on the Ole Miss campus, with riots ending in two dead, hundreds wounded and many others arrested, after the Kennedy administration called out some 31,000 National Guardsmen and other federal forces to enforce order.
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American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States,
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American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms as a Democrat.
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More than 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington, D.C., for a political rally known as the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom; famous "I Have A Dream" speech was given.
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When African American students attempted to desegregate the University of Alabama. The new governor, flanked by state troopers, literally blocked the door of the enrollment office.
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began as a plan to equalize the educational, employment, and contracting opportunities for minorities and women with opportunities given to their white, male counterparts.
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The process by which racial segregation is eliminated in all schools.
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US Labor Laws
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This protected African Americans so that they were able to exercise their right to vote under the 15th Amendment
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Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles, racial tension reaches a breaking point after two white policemen scuffle with a black motorist suspected of drunken driving. A crowd of spectators gathered near the corner of Avalon Boulevard and 116th Street to watch the arrest and soon grew angry by what they believed to be yet another incident of racially motivated abuse by the police. This was five days of continues violence
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A revolutionary black nationalist and socialist organization founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton
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was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from October 1967 until October 1991.
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American politician who served as 36th Governor of Arkansas.
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American politician who served as the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia.
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comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.
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Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Originally, made in 1789
