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Sand Creek Massacre
Black Kettle and his people had left the reservation. The army said it's okay if you go back. Black Kettle led his people back saying he wanted peace. Army colonel John Chivington arrived at Sand Creek a couple days later with around 700 troops he did not want peace. He said the only way the Indians would understand is if some die. He opened fire and killed a lot of Indians. He burned everything. This was the Sand Creek Massacre. -
Medicine Lodge Treaty
This treaty was signed by the United States government and the Plains Indians. This treaty was suppost to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. -
2nd Treaty of Ft. Laramie
This was a treaty signed at Fort Laramie in Wyoming territory between the U.S. and a lot of Indian tribes. This treaty guaranteed the Lakota could have the land of the Black Hills, plus hunting ground in South Dakota, and Wyoming. The Powder River Country was closed to all whites. The treaty also included rights to civilization for the Lakota. But this created problems because Custer found gold in the Black Hills and thousands of white settlers went out there and distrubed the Indians. -
Battle of Palo Duro Canyon
In Texas, Colonel McKenzie caught Indians preparing a winter encampment in the fall of 1874. He sent in his cavalry. Some Indians fled and others defended. McKenzie's men killed more than one thousand Indian ponies and destroyed all food stores. Indians had no choice but to move to reservations. The Indian Wars in the southern Plains were over. -
Battle of the Little big Horn
The Lakota Sioux did not want to go onto a reservation. The problem was then put into the hands of the army. About 2,000 Indians gathered together. The leader, Sitting Bull did a dance, and predicted a win. The Army predicted a win also. Lieutenant Colonel Custer led his troops into an attack. Custer and his troops were quickly encircled and slaughered. The Sioux won. -
Relocation of the Nez Perce (day he surrendered)
The Indians that were fighting with Nez Perce, did not consider him a war hero. They wanted to keep fighting and he did not. He said I am tired of fighting. It was promised to them that they could back to their land in Idaho. But a General overruled that idea and sent them to Kansas instead. -
Capture of Geronimo
Chief Geronimo was an Apache. They had been terrorizing Mexico and the United States for a very long time. They would steal and cheat, then run into the mountains or into Old Mexico where the United States Army could not reach them. The Mexican government and the U.S. government had been working together to get rid of this problem. Eventually Geronimo and his forces were captured. -
Ghost Dance movement begins
The Indians believed the Ghost Dance would bring back buffalo and send off settlers and troops. They kept doing this and some of the white newspapers and settlers though this was a sign of a coming uprise. They asked the government for help and they eventually arrested Sitting Bull. A skirmish broke out and Sitting Bull was killed. Many Sioux fled west. The Army found them and took them to a camp. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
After the U.S. troops put the Indians on a reservation after the Ghost Dance movement, Colonel Forsyth ordered the Sioux to give up their rifles. One young Indian didn't want to and the gun accidentally went off. The Sioux started shooting. By the end of the fight, about 300 Sioux were killed. Many white officers received the Medal of Honor for their actions. American's were surprised at this massacre.
