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Catherine's birth name is Sophie Freiderike Auguste, she changed her name after being involved in a Russian Orthadox Church.
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Duke Peter III soon after became Tsar Peter III.
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Paul was her first born and became Pual I of Russia.
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Anna Petrovna was Catherine's second child, and she became the Grand Duchess of Russia.
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Peter III mother died, and he soon became the heir of his throne.
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Alexei Grigoryvich became a Russian solider, who rose to prominence during the reign of Catherine the Great.
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A group of Russian army officers deposed and murdered Tsar Peter III
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After Peter III dies, she became Empress of Russia.
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After Paul III mother dies he became the emperor of Russia.
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Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski was the last King and Grand Duke of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. He remains a controversial figure in Polish history. Recognized as a great patron of the arts and sciences and a supporter of progressive reforms, he is also remembered as the last king of the Commonwealth whose election was marred by serious irregularities, and the one who failed to prevent Poland's destruction.
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Catherine the Great insturction, was a statement of legal principles written by Catherine II of Russia, and permeated with the ideas of the French Enlightenment. It was compiled as a guide for the All-Russian Legislative Commission convened in 1767 for the purpose of replacing the mid-17th-century Muscovite code of laws with a modern law code. Catherine believed that to strengthen law and institutions was above all else to strengthen the monarchy.
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Russo-Turkish wars, series of wars between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the 17th–19th century. The wars reflected the decline of the Ottoman Empire and resulted in the gradual southward extension of Russia’s frontier and influence into Ottoman territory.
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The Plague of 1771, was the last massive outbreak of plague in central Russia, claiming between 52 and 100 thousand lives in Moscow alone.The bubonic plague epidemic that originated in the Moldovan theatre of the 1768–1774 Russian-Turkish war in January 1770 swept northward through Ukraine and central Russia, peaking in Moscow in September 1771 and causing the Plague Riot.
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The First Partition occurred after Russia became involved in a war against the Ottoman Turks and won such impressive victories, particularly in the Danubian principalities, that Austria became alarmed and threatened to enter the war against Russia.
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Pugachev's Rebellion was the principal revolt in a series of popular rebellions that took place in Russia after Catherine II seized power in 1762.
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Russia made dramatic gains during the reign of Catherine the Great. In the first war, Russian armies won major victories in Moldavia, Walachia, and Crimea, and a Russian fleet sailed from the Baltic to the Mediterranean, where it destroyed the Ottoman fleet at Chesme in June 1770.
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Catherine made alliance because she thought it was necessary to maintain the balance of power and territorial gain.
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The Russo-Turkish War of was a decisive conflict that brought Southern Ukraine, Crimea and the upper northwestern part of the North Caucasus within the orbit of the Russian Empire. Though the victories accrued by the Russian Empire were substantial, they gained far less territory than otherwise would be expected.
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The peace of Kuchuk Kainarji did not satisfy Catherine; she desired further expansion at the expense of the Ottoman Empire, even driving the Turks out of Europe altogether. In 1781 she concluded a secret alliance with Austria directed against the Ottoman Empire. In 1783 she annexed the Crimean Khanate. The French, English and Prussian emissaries in Istanbul attempted to strengthen the Ottoman Empire against Russia, in order to prevent further Russian expansion. In 1783 the Kingdom of Georgia in
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In the 1780 the domestic situation in Sweden was precarious, and King Gustav III, who ruled the country absolute since 1772, believed a "little war" might help to distract the people from social ills. Swedish troops in Russian uniforms attacked a Swedish border post in Finland, causing an outrage in Stockholm which provided the excuse for the declaration of war on Russia.
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By 1790 the First Polish Republic had been weakened to such a degree that it was successfully forced into an unnatural and terminal alliance with its enemy, Prussia. The Polish–Prussian Pact of 1790 was signed. The conditions of the Pact contributed to the succeeding and final two partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
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Following the end of the Kosciuszko rebellion, Austria, Prussia, and Russia decided to put an end to the unrest by wiping Poland off of the map of Europe. On October 24, 1795, the representatives of the Russian Empire, Austria, and the Kingdom of Prussia assembled to write the treaty formally dissolving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and all of her institutions, though the conquering powers did not sign the treaty until January 26, 1797 in St. Petersburg.
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Catherine ruled Russia until the end of her life, and died from a stroke.
