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In October 1932, at the end of the third year of the Great Depression, Prime Minister R.B. Bennett sanctioned the creation of a nationwide system of camps to house and provide work for single, unemployed, homeless Canadian males. The government was criticized for establishing the camps rather than addressing the need for reasonable work and wages. Sources: https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/unemployment-relief-camps -
In the midst of the economic tragedy the world was in, Canada invited governments of the CommonWealth to consider means of closer economic association. This conference was held in Ottawa from July 21 to August 20, 1932. Sources: https://www.jstor.org/stable/45309487 -
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In 1933, national output and exports were down a third from late 1920s levels. Farms of the West were in crisis. Nearly a third of the workforce was unemployed. Sources: https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-great-crash-feature -
Founded by Robert F. Hart, Black Diamond has been famously making and selling cheese since 1933. Sources: https://www.blackdiamond.ca/our-story/#:~:text=Master%20cheese%20makers%20since%201933,the%20wax%20would%20turn%20black. -
The Bank of Canada was founded in 1934 and opened its doors in 1935, largely as a response to the Great Depression. The collapse of the stock market and record unemployment at that time revealed the need for a central bank to help maintain Canada's financial system. Sources:
https://www.bankofcanadamuseum.ca/multimedia/canadian-central-bank-history/#:~:text=The%20Bank%20of%20Canada%20opened,help%20maintain%20Canada's%20financial%20system. -
The only $500 note ever was issued by the Bank. Printed by Canadian Bank Note Company Ltd., it features a portrait of Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada’s first prime minister, wearing a fur-collared coat. Will Ford of American Bank Note Company engraved the portrait. On the back of the note is an allegorical figure representing fertility. Sources: https://www.bankofcanadamuseum.ca/complete-bank-note-series/1935-first-series/first-series-500-note/ -
On July 1, 1935, the simmering tensions of the Great Depression boiled over in Canada as police and jobless protesters clashed in the streets of Regina. When it was over, one policeman was dead, 40 protesters and five citizens were wounded, and 130 men were arrested. Sources: https://www.cbc.ca/history/EPISCONTENTSE1EP13CH3PA4LE.html#:~:text=On%20July%201%2C%201935%2C%20the,in%20the%20streets%20of%20Regina.&text=When%20it%20was%20over%2C%20one,and%20130%20men%20were%20arr -
Canada had already come to a new trade agreement with the US in 1935 and this, together with the British agreement, was now renegotiated. In terms of the new agreements, tariffs were decreased across the board. Canada lost preferential treatment by Britain but gained fewer access to American markets. Sources: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/newfoundland-trade-second-world-war.htm#:~:text=In%20the%20early%201930s%2C%20during,raised%20eagerness%20for%20trade%20protection. -
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) was created as a radio service by the Canadian Parliament in the Broadcasting Act, in 1936. On English and French networks it presented a mixture of news, documentaries, dramas, classical music, entertainment, and educational programs. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Canadian-Broadcasting-Corporation -
Air Canada was an airline established by the Canadian Parliament in the Trans-Canada Air Lines Act of April 10, 1937. Known for almost 28 years as Trans-Canada Air Lines, it assumed its current name on January 1, 1965. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Air-Canada