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Scientific Management
Frederick Taylor decides to time workers at the Midvale Steel Company for their rated output. Basically he is saying the whatever works the best. -
The Hawthorne Studies
Elton Mayo becomes the first to question the behavioral assumptions of scientific management. The studies found that human factors were often more important than physical conditions, employees to greater productivity. -
Organization Development
the Research Center for Group Dynamics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology was created by Kurt Lewin. -
Sociotechnical Systems Theory
A group of researchers from London's Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, led by Eric Trist, studied a South Yorkshire coal mine in 1949. Their research leads to the development of the Sociotechnical Systems Theory, which considers both the social and the technical aspects when designing jobs -
Hierarchy of Needs
maslow published in his book Motivation and Personality. This provides a framework for gaining employees' commitment. -
Leadership/Management
Setting Objectives and Planning
Organizing the Group
Motivating and Communicating
Measuring Performance
Developing People (including himself or herself) -
Hygiene and Motivational Factors
Frederick Herzberg developed a list of factors that are closely based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, except it is more closely related to work. Hygiene factors must be present in the job before motivators can be used to stimulate the workers. -
Theory X and Theory Y
This is the different theory on how people work. x is the lazy people while y is the hard workers -
Management Grid
Robert Blake and Jane Mouton develop a management model that conceptualizes management styles and relations. Their grid uses two axes: "concern for people" is plotted using the vertical axis and "concern for task" is along the horizontal axis. -
Action Learning
An Unheralded British academic, Reginald W. Revans was invited to try out his theories in Belgium — Action Learning — it leads to an upturn in Belgian's economy.
