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The first European settlers to arrive in Brazil were Portuguese, led by Pedro Cabral in 1500.
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Brazil's sugar production thrived early on.
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Expedition of Martim Afonso de Sousa, major captain of Brazil, to colonize and distribute land among captains.
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Founding of first colonies at Sao Vicente and Piratiniga
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King names Tome de Sousa first governor general of Brazil. De Sousa establishes his capital at Sao Salvador de Bahia.
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Captain Pedro Teixeira explores Amazon and founds Tabatinga
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Era of gold and diamond mining begins
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Viceregal capital moved from Salvador, Bahia, to Rio de Janeiro.
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João VI arrives in Rio de Janeiro. Brazil's ports open to foreign trade.
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Declaring Brazil independent, Pedro I forms new government headed by José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva.
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Golden Law abolishes slavery.
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First civilian president, Prudente José de Morais Barros, takes office.
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Brazil declares war on Germany and joins Allied powers.
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Dilma Rousseff wins second round run-off to become Brazil's first female president.
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Dilma Rousseff wins another term as president.