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1800: Jefferson is elected
1848: End of the Mexican-American War -
Jefferson used a loose interpretation of the Constitution to purchase land ending at the Mississippi River.
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Restricted all trade with Great Britian
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1844: Election of James K. Polk
1877: End of Reconstruction -
The Lone Star Republic is admitted as a state, which becomes Texas. Texas is admitted because it will be a slave state, making the south happy.
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U.S obtains the Oregon territory from the U.K
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It began due to the disagreements with Mexico over Texas' border. Mexico believed Texas was east of the Nueces River, while the United States argued Texas' border stopped at the Rio Grande.
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David Wilmont attempts to add an amendment to a bill for military funding, stating that there would be no slavery in the Mexican Cession.
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The treaty between Mexico and the United States ended the Mexican-American War. The United States gained land and called it the Mexican Cession.
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A Women's Rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York.
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Document written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton that dramatized the denied citizenship of (white) women, and that claimed "all men and women are equal."
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Rapid migration to the west, specifically to San Franciso, California to search for gold. Many did not find gold and were forced to stay as it was dangerous and expensive to move back east. This mass migration allowed California to apply for statehood in 1850.
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- California is admitted as a free state
- There is a stronger Fugitive Slave Law
- Popular Sovereignty would be used in the rest of the Mexican Cession land
- The slave trade was outlawed in Washington D.C
- The United States would assume Texas' war debt.
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The United States purchased 30,000 square miles from Mexico for $10 Million, under the Treaty of Mesilla (Which didn't officially take effect until 1854.) The area was meant to be used to build a southern transcontinental railroad, and to resolve more conflict from the Mexican-American war.
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Northern Abolitions / Free-Soilers and Whigs came together to form the Republican Party in response to slavery's expansion into the west.
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An act that dictated that the Kansas-Nebraska territory would use popular sovereignty, repealing the Missouri Compromise and going against the 36 30' line.
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When voting for popular sovereignty, violence broke out as people fought over who to vote for. This shows that popular sovereignty did not work.
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John Brown (Northern Abolitionist) attempted to break into the Army's arsenal and lead a slave revolt. He was arrested and hanged before he could execute his plan.
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Lincoln was elected as the president, even though he was not added to the Southern ballots.
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In response to Lincoln winning the election of 1860, South Carolina seceded from the Union a month later. The rest of the CSA follows later.
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Confederate soldiers fire on Fort Sumter, a Union fort in Charleston, SC.
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Said that anyone who could move to the west would be given 160 acres of land for free if they could live there for 5 years. If they left before the 5-year period ended, they would have to pay the full amount for the land. Due to the rough and dry climate, many were not able to establish agriculture and live on these acres successfully.
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Known as the "Turning Point in the Civil War" as it involved the largest number of casualties of the entire Civil War. This forced General Robert E. Lee to retreat back to the South.
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**Takes effect in 1863
Lincoln declared that the Civil War was being fought to abolish slavery. Lincoln said that certain states could not have slavery anymore, but this did not apply to border states. This was ultimately unsuccessful because the South had already seceded, and were not going to listen. -
** Part of the Anaconda Plan to full surround the South The Union sieges Vicksburg, and the Confederates attempt to take it back. This fails and the Confederates surrender, giving the Union access to the Mississippi River and splitting the South in half.
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Lincoln chose Andrew Johnson as his Vice President to appeal to more voters. Lincoln is reelected for a 2nd term.
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Amendment that abolishes slavery unless you are convicted of a crime.
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Lincoln is assassinated and Andrew Johnson is now the president.
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Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, ending the Civil War.
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The KKK is founded
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President Johnson vetos the renewal of the Freedman's Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866.
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William Seward he negotiates the purchase of Alaska, from Russia for $7 million.
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The South was divided 5 military districts to make sure they continued to Union laws, and Union soldiers are stationed in the South.
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Johnson tried to fire the Secretary of War, but this Act prohibited the President from firing a civil officer. This gives the House a reason to impeach Johnson.
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Amendment that gives all people born in the united states citizenship
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Johnson gets impeachment charges brought against him.
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Ulysses S. Grant won the election and became President.
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Women receive the right to vote in local elections in Wyoming.
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The transcontinental railroad finished in Utah.
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Congress passed the Enforcement Act that gives the military more power
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Black men receive the right to vote.
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Grant gets reelected despite his scandals.
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Trying to get the country back to it's original economic state before the Civil War, especially with currency.
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Rutherford B. Hayes won despite issues with contested votes from SC, LA, FL
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Rutherford B. Hayes is elected, on the grounds that Military reconstruction ends in the South.
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tbd
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The idea that having a government job means you should be qualified to serve in these jobs. Opposite of the Spoils System under Jackson
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Legal attempt to break up reservations and place Native Americans into their "nuclear families." Attempt of forced assimilation. If you were willing to assimilate by:
- Going to school and converting to Christianity
Then...
Natives would become farmers and receive 160 acres of land. (The land was bad) -
Granger Laws were illegal because they violated the Interstate Commerce Act.
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Congress passed an act that was supposed to reduce the power of the big trusts. It was symbolic and did not do much, and later on ended up being used against Labor Unions
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The battle at Wounded Knee, the U.S government massacres the Sioux tribe over serval things, but especially the Ghost Dance.
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Senator W. McKinley pushes for the highest tariff in American history at 50%, which continues into his presidency.
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Populism - End of WW2
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William McKinley won the presidency against William Jennings Bryan in the election.
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William Jennings Bryan gives this speech saying that not coining silver would go against the bible and that it is unhuman.
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A court ruling that all facilities were "Separate but equal." This violated the 14th amendment.
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U.S wins the war and gains:
Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam, and Wake Islands, and Cuba with imperial influence. The U.S gets Guantanamo bay. -
William McKinley wins, but is later assassinated in 1901
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- Social Gospel
- Settlement House
- Pure Food and Drug Act
- Meat Inspection Act
- Roosevelt's Square Deal (Consumer protection, corporate reform, conservation)
- Wilson's triple wall of privilege (Tariffs, Banks, Trusts)
16th - Grad Fed Income Tax
17th - Direct Election of Senators
18th - Prohibition
19th - Women's Sufferage -
McKinley was assassinated and Theodore Roosevelt (R) became president.
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T. Roosevelt shows that he is willing to side with workers, unlike Cleveland in the Pullman Strike
(May 12, 1902 – October 23, 1902) -
Roosevelt wins
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T. Roosevelt decided not to run, thinking Taft would have similar ideals to him, and William Henry Taft won.
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Graduated Federal income tax. More income = More taxes
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Act to lower tariffs
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T. Roosevelt disagreed with Taft's actions during the presidency and ran in the "Bull Moose" Party against Taft. The ballots are split and Woodrow Wilson wins (D)
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The direct election of senators
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WW1 started in Europe and the progressive behavior in the United States was quickly forgotten. (In terms of law making / passing.)
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Wilson runs again and wins.
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Women have the right to vote on the federal level
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Prohibition
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President: FDR This conference was held to discuss what would happen to Germany, and the rest of Europe under Nazi rule. The USSR, U.S and U.K were present.
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President: Harry Truman Conference between the U.S, U.K, and USSR to negotiate the terms of ending the war.
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End of WW2 - Reagan's Election "Roll Back" - Trying to remove communism from the countries it was already in. Civil Rights Movement - Movement to end discrimination towards African Americans. Many protesters focused on getting people registered to vote.
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Truman is a Democrat, he took over office when FDR died at the beginning of his term. Truman Doctrine - Containment Theory
* Contain communism, and prevent it from spreading throughout Asia. -
Truman's doctrine of containing communism and not letting it spread to Western Europe and Asia.
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Immigration quotas limit immigrants from Eastern Europe. Senator McCarthy accused several Hollywood actors and even members of the U.S. military.
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Truman Wins, he is a Democrat.
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An agreement between the U.S., Canada, and several Western European nations met to discuss providing collective security against the Soviet Union.
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C for immediate increase in defense spending from $13 billions to $50 billions a year, to be paid for with large tax increase
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The U.S. and USSR are in a proxy war. The U.S. sided with the South, and the USSR sided with the North. It ended in a stalemate, but it was considered a victory under the Truman Doctrine
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Republican
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Egypt takes back the Suez Canal with use of weapons from the Soviet Union
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Established a commission in the Civil Rights Department of DOJ, this was meant to investigate any discrimination.
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JFK Policies: New Frontier:
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The CIA tried to gather people who opposed Castro's rule. This failed cuz no one showed up
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The New Frontier
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The U.S received military intelligence that
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The Great Society - War on Poverty
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This act allows the president to send troops anywhere without congressional approval or an official declaration of war.
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Alleged attacks due to a missing boat.
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Made poll taxes, and literacy tests unconstitutional.
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Prohibited discrimination in any federally funded programs, and reenforced the desegregation of schools.
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Prohibits racial discrimination for voting
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Large-scale military campaign in South Vietnam to spread communism. This weakened Johnson's credibility and caused many to lose faith in the White House.
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- Used a policy of Detente with the Soviet Union
- Environmental Protection Agency
- Drug Enforcement Administration
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The U.S. agrees to remove its military presence in Vietnam after an armistice.
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Congress reverses the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution with the War Powers Act, limiting the president to sending troops for no longer than 60 days without congressional approval to stay longer.
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Democrat, Election of 1976 Human Rights Diplomacy - Championing Human Rights through the United Nations
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Peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, where the U.S. served as a moderator.
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Iran takes over 60 U.S. hostages and doesn't release them until 1981, on the first day of Nixon's presidency. Many criticized Carter for being 'too nice' as he was never able to successfully negotiate bringing the hostages home.
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Election of Reagan to present day
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