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Period: 1491 to
Period 1/2: 1491 - 1763
Discovery of America, Colonization, French and Indian War, Restrictions on the Colonies. -
1492
Colombian Exchange
The transfers of goods, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World. -
Roanoke Island
First English settlement in the New World on the island of Roanoke, off the coast of North Carolina. -
Jamestown
Jamestown the first permanent English settlement in North America. -
Mayflower Compact
It was the first governing document of the Plymouth Colony. -
Plymouth
Plymouth was the first settlement creating in Massachusetts by Separatists to create a religious pure society. -
Bacon's Rebellion
A rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley. -
Salem Witch Trials
Series of prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in Massachusetts. -
Great Awakening
The Evangelical and revitalization movement that came from Protestant Europe and left a major impact on Protestantism. -
Molasses Act
Great Britain imposed a tax on gallons on imports of molasses from non-English colonies. -
Beginning of French and Indian War
The French and Indian War was the colonies of British America against New France colonies. -
The Proclamation of 1763
A line drawn by British Parliament stating that colonists are not allowed to settle past the Appalachian mountains. -
Period: to
Period 3: 1763 - 1800
Intolerable Acts, Revolutionary War, The Enlightenment. -
Sugar Act
Raised tax revenue in the colonies for Britain. Also increased duty on foreign sugar imported from West Indies. -
Stamp Act
A direct tax on a stamp that must be put on paper products. -
Quartering Act of 1765
Forced colonists to house and supply British forces in the colonies;, which created more resentment. -
Townshend Acts
A tax that was placed on leads, glass, paint and tea. -
The Coercive Acts
Also known as the Intolerable Acts. In response to the Boston Tea Party. -
American and French Alliance
Was formed after the battle of Saratoga. French are allies with the colonists because they want to get back an old enemy. -
Second Continental Congress
Managed the colonial war effort and moved towards independence. led to formation of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. -
Declaration of Independence
A document written by colonists to British Parliament stating independence and their issues with British rule and the King. -
Common Sense - By Thomas Paine
A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to get people to want independence. -
Battle of Saratoga
Battle between the British and Americans. Americans win by a lot and prove their worth in the war effort. -
Treaty of Paris
This ended the American Revolutionary War. American colonies recognized as their own independent country. -
The Enlightenment
18th century movement that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions. -
XYZ Affair
An event where French officials wanted a bribe from U.S. diplomats. Alexander Hamilton used this to try to to discredit Thomas Jefferson. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of immigrants. -
Period: to
Period 4 Part 1: 1800-1824
The Era of Good Feelings, Recovery from Revolution, Development of the U.S. -
Embargo of 1807
Cut off all US trade with the world. The US wanted to maintain American neutrality. -
Macon's Bill #2
Allowed the US to trade with either Great Britain or France depending on who recognized American sovereignty and neutrality first. -
Treaty of Ghent
Ended the War of 1812 and established status quo antebellum. -
Hartford Convention
A meeting held due to disagreements for the War of 1812. Talk of succeeding, but was rejected. -
Battle of New Orleans
General Andrew Jackson was victorious. The War of 1812 had officially ended earlier, but word had not reached the United States. -
End Results of War of 1812
Ending of the Federalist party and an increase in Patriotism. -
Era of Good Feelings
James Monroe's presidency. Democratic-Republicans dominated all parties. -
Treaty of 1818
Set the 49th parallel of latitude as the boundary between British North America and the US across the West. -
Adams-Onis Treaty
Ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain. -
Missouri Compromise
A compromise crafted by Henry Clay which prohibited slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30. -
Period: to
Period 4 Part 2: 1824 - 1848
Jacksonian Democracy, Native American movement, Mexican American War. -
Indian Removal Act
President Andrew Jackson supported the act. Granted unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. -
Nat Turner Rebellion
Virginia slave, Nat Turner, started a revolt where 55 whites were killed. As a retaliation, whites ended up killing hundreds of African Americans. -
Nullification Crisis
South Carolina passed a resolution stopping the collection of tariffs in the state. President Jackson threatened to use federal troops against them. -
Worcester V. Georgia
This was a Supreme Court case regarding Cherokee rights to land in America. -
Compromise Tariff
Was proposed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun as a resolution to the Nullification Crisis. -
Panic of 1837
This was a result of Jackson's defeat of the National Bank. -
Trail of Tears
U.S. Army made 15,000 Cherokees leave from Georgia and go to Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees ended up dying on the march. -
Commonwealth V. Hunt
Massachusetts Supreme Court decision that ended up strengthening the labor movement by upholding the legality of unions. -
Period: to
Period 5: 1844 - 1877
Irish Immigration, Civil War, President Lincoln. -
Irish Potato Famine
Mass starvation in Ireland led to mass immigration into the US. -
Mexican American War
The war was started by the United States and ended in Mexico's defeat and the loss of about half of its national territory in the north. -
Seneca Falls Convention
Women's rights movement where participants wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments", which declared all men and women equal and listed grievances. -
California Gold Rush
The gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news brought around 300,000 gold-seekers to California. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Entitled the Treaty of Peace between the United States and Mexico. The peace treaty was signed in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo. -
Compromise of 1850
Introduced by Henry Clay as resolutions so that California could come in as a free state. Also, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in DC was banned. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Allowed Americans in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which stopped slavery north of latitude 36°30´. -
Emancipation Proclamation
President Lincoln issued the proclamation, stating "that all persons held as slaves" within the southern states "are, and henceforward shall be free." -
Harper's Ferry Raid
John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry was an attempt by a white abolitionist to initiate a slave revolt by overthrowing a United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. -
Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln won the election. It caused the secession of southern states, with the first state to secede being South Carolina. -
Fort Sumter
The beginning of the Civil War and the South's decision for war. -
Fall of Richmond
Ended the Civil war and led to General Lee's surrender at Appomattox. -
Black Codes
Laws passed by Southern states after the Civil War. These laws had the intent of blocking African Americans' freedom, and of making them work in slave-like conditions based on low wages or debt. -
President Lincoln's Assassination
John Wilks Booth assassinated Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington D.C. Just days after General Lee's surrender. -
Freedmen's Bureau
Congress created the Freedmen's Bureau to offer necessities to freed slaves and people made poor by the war. -
Ratification of the 13th Amendment
Union victory in the Civil War brought an end to slavery in the entire US with the passage of the 13th Amendment. -
Period: to
Period 6: 1865 - 1898
End of Civil War, KKK Creation, Amendments Ratified, Reconstruction Era. -
KKK Founded
White supremacists formed the KKK to violate the rights of and start violence against freed African Americans. -
Reconstruction Acts of 1867
Placed the south under military occupation, -
Ratification of 14th Amendment
Radical Republicans were scared that the law could be repealed by the Democrats and chose to pass a permanent US amendment. -
First State To Grant Women's Suffrage
Wyoming was the 1st state to grant women the vote in order to bring publicity. -
Knights of Labor
In the Post-Civil War, labor unions were even more popular for workers to stand together against a higher cost of living and lack of job security -
Tweed Scandal
Also called Boss Tweed, who helped the poor with jobs, homes, citizenship, and more in return for money and votes. He eventually robbed NYC of millions and scared the citizens to be quiet. -
Panic of 1873
Rapid growth from the Industrial Revolution that caused the markets to crash and loans to go unpaid. -
Rutherford B. Hayes Inauguration
Hayes became the 19th U.S. President and began his four-year term. -
Compromise of 1877
It was an informal and unwritten deal that ended the controversial 1876 presidential election and moved troops out of politics in the South. The end of the Reconstruction Era. -
Interstate Commerce Act
Farmers wanted the state to regulate the railroad monopoly. The Supreme Court ruled states couldn't regulate interstate commerce so control would have to come federally. -
Panic of 1893
Overbuilding, overspending, and US loans led to the depression of 1893. -
Pullman Strike
The Depression of 1893 caused Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago to drop wages. Caused workers to strike. -
Plessy Vs. Ferguson
Louisiana passed a law segregating railroad cars, which was protested and brought to court by Homer Plessy. -
Spanish American War
American businesses began looking for new markets, with Cuba and the Philipinnes rebelling against Spain, this gave the US an opportunity to grow so they fought Spain. -
Treaty of Paris - 1898
America won the Spanish-American War. Led to more problems with the Philippines. -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 1: 1898 - 1918
Global Expansion, Spanish American War, NAACP. -
Boxer Rebellion
The Chinese attacked Christian missionaries, so US troops went in to support. -
Platt Amendment
The U.S. Pulled troops from Cuba. The conditions outlined that the United States may intervene with Cuba's government to instill peace among its society. -
Square Deal
It outlined a set of policies that attempted to prevent further abuses in labor and to improve working conditions, also protected America's landscape. -
Roosevelt Corollary
In addition to the original Monroe Doctrine, by President Roosevelt in his State of the Union after the Venezuelan Crisis. An attempt to stabilize the economy in pay off debts. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Prohibited any food or drug that had been branded false from entering interstate commerce in order to protect the consumer. -
16th Amendment
It allows the federal government to collect an income tax from all Americans. -
NAACP
Was founded by W.E.B Dubois. It helped give opportunities for African Americans and was one of the most important civil rights organizations. -
17th Amendment
Gives voters the power to elect their senators. States that the U.S. Senate includes two senators to be selected from each state for their terms. -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Part of the United States Antitrust Law to add to the U.S. antitrust law regime. -
Submarine Warfare
Germany was using submarine warfare by the British Isles and threatened the United States that it would attack neutral ships. Wilson vowed they would strictly be held accountable for. -
Jones Act
Announced the intention of the United States government to withdraw over the Philippine Islands as soon as stable government is established. -
Espionage Act
Passed shortly after the United States entry into World War I. Its original purpose was to make it illegal to write or say anything critical of American involvement in the war. -
Sedition Act
Was used as an extension of the Espionage Act to cover a range of offenses that cast the United States government or the war effort in a negative aspect. -
The Harlem Renaissance
Expansion of intellectual and artistic movements that took place in NY. -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 2: 1918 - 1945
WWII, The Great Depression, Pearl Harbor. -
League of Nations
This group was formed of different nations at the end of WWI as a way to stop future wars from happening. -
Dust Bowl
After a massive drought and the lack of farming methods in the dry land, a series of major dust storms severely damaged American agriculture. -
New Deal
Helped to provide relief to people affected by the Great Depression. It served to balance economic stability and reduce unemployment rates. -
Indian-Reorganization Act
Allowed more forms of self-government for Native Americans. President FDR signed this with several tribal members. -
Social Security Act
President FDR passed the Social Security Act which has a number of benefits for old-age workers, mothers, and children, and any of the disabled who physically can't work and need support. -
Fair Labor Standards Act
Prohibited the use of child labor in factories and made a minimum wage for workers. Paid them if they worked more than 40 hours per week. -
Pearl Harbor Attack
Japanese Navy Air Strike attacked a Hawaiian United States naval base. Resulted in high casualty lists along with the destruction of U.S. naval ships and a major turning point to enter the war. -
Manhattan Project
The secret construction of the Atomic bomb built in the hopes to win WWII. -
Japanese Internment
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the U.S.was scared that there was going to be another attack. This led to President Roosevelt giving an executive order that all Japanese-Americans must be placed in internment camps. -
D-Day
Allied forces attacked northern France by landing on the beach in Normandy under Operation Overlord. Was the largest seaborne invasion ever. -
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The US dropped two Atomic bombs over Japan and completely annihilated the people and the cities. This helped bring WWII to an end but resulted in high civilian casualty rates. -
Japanese Surrender
As a result of both Atomic bombs that destroyed to major cities, Japan surrendered. WWII came to an official close. -
The United Nations
The United Nations is a group made up of different nations in the hopes of creating alliances and achieving peace after WWII had ended. It was their goal to prevent future world wars from happening.