APUSH exam timeline By EllieJarrard 1492 Christopher Columbus (Italian, in the service of the Spanish monarchy) sails to the New World, beginning era of European colonization of the Americas 1497 Vasco da Gama (Portugal) sails to India 1517 Martin Luther challenges Roman Catholic beliefs and practices; initiates Protestant Reformation 1521 Spanish forces, led by Hernan Cortes, defeat the Mexica people, led by Montezuma 1528 John Calvin breaks with the Catholic church 1532 Spanish forces, led by Francisco Pizarro, defeat the Inca people 1542 Bartolome de Las Casas writes "A Short Account of The Destruction of the Indies" 1549 the repartimiento reforms begin to replace the enconmienda system 1587 founding of the "lost" English colony of Roanoke 1588 English defeat of the Spanish Armada 1588 English defeats the Spanish Armada 1597 Juanillo's Revolt in Florida 1597 Acoma Pueblo Massacre in New Mexico 1607 Jamestown colony founded 1609 Henry Hudson explores area that will become New York Period: 1609 to 1610 "Starving time" in Virginia 1619 House of Burgesses established 1620 founding of Plymouth Colony 1620 Mayflower compact signed 1622 Attack on Jamestown by local Algonquin Indians 1624 New Amsterdam founded by the Dutch 1630 Founding of Massachusetts Bay Colony Period: 1630 to 1640 "Great Migration" of Puritans from England to Massachusetts 1632 founding of Maryland colony 1636 founding of Rhode Island colony 1638 Anne Hutchinson banned from Massachusetts 1639 The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut adopted 1649 Act of Religious Toleration passed in Maryland 1662 The Half way covenant 1663 Founding of Carolina Colony 1675 King Philip's war 1676 Bacon's rebellion 1679 New Hampshire colony separated from Massachusetts 1680 Pueblo Revolt (Pope's rebellion) 1681 founding of the Pennsylvania colony 1685 creation of the dominion of New England 1688 the Glorious Revolution 1689 colonists bring down the Dominion of New England 1692 Salem Witch trials 1711 founding of the North Carolina Colony 1733 Molasses Act 1735 Zenger Trial 1739 Stono Rebellion 1741 Jonathan Edward's sermon, "sinners in the hands of an angry God" 1741 arrests and executions in the supposed "negro plot" in New York city 1754 Beginning of French and Indian war 1763 Proclamation Act 1763 Treaty of Paris ends French and Indian war 1764 Sugar Act 1764 March of the Paxton Boys 1764 First Committee of Correspondence established in Boston 1765 Stamp Act Congress 1765 Stamp Act 1766 Declaratory Act 1767 Townshend Revenue Acts 1770 Boston Massacre 1772 Gaspee Affair 1773 Tea Act 1773 Boston Tea Party 1774 Coercive (intolerable) Acts 1774 First Continental Congress 1775 Fighting at Lexington and Concord 1775 Second Continental Congress 1776 Publication of "common sense" by Thomas Paine 1776 Declaration of Independence 1777 Articles of Confederation written 1778 Battle of Saratoga 1778 France enters the war on the side of the American Revolutionaries 1781 Articles of Confederation ratified by the states 1783 Treaty of Paris ends the American Revolution 1784 First Land Ordinance 1784 Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1785 Second Land Ordinance 1786 Annapolis meeting to revise Articles of Confederation 1786 Shay's Rebellion 1787 Northwest Ordinance 1787 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia 1788 Ratification of the Constitution 1788 First Federal Elections 1788 Publication of "The Federalist" 1789 Beginning of the French Revolution 1789 Inauguration of George Washington 1789 Judiciary Act 1789 Publication of "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano" 1791 The Bank of The United States Approved 1791 Ratification of The Bill of Rights 1791 Alexander Hamilton issues "Report on Manufacturers" 1793 War between Great Britain and France 1793 Washington's neutrality proclamation 1794 Whiskey Rebellion 1794 Jay's Treaty 1795 Pinckney's Treaty 1796 Washington's Farewell Address 1796 Election of John Adams 1798 XYZ Affair 1798 "Quasi-war" with France 1798 Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 1798 Alien and Sedition Acts 1800 Election of Thomas Jefferson 1800 Election of Thomas Jefferson 1803 Marbury v. Madison 1803 Louisiana Purchase 1804 Reelection of Jefferson 1807 Chesapeake-Leopard Affair 1807 Embargo Act 1808 Election of James Madison 1810 Fletcher v. Peck 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe 1812 reelection of Madison 1812 Beginning of War of 1812 1814 the burning of Washington D.C., by British forces 1814 Hartford Convention 1814 Treaty of Ghent 1815 Battle of New Orleans 1816 Chartering of the Second Bank of the United States 1816 Election of James Monroe 1817 Construction of Erie Canal begins 1819 Panic of 1819 1819 McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 Dartmouth college v. Woodward 1820 Missouri compromise 1820 Reelection of Monroe 1821 Cohens v. Virginia 1821 Opening of the Lowell factories 1822 Stephen Austin establishes first American settlement in Texas 1824 Election of John Quincy Adams 1824 Gibbons v. Ogden 1825 Opening of the Erie Canal 1827 Public school Movement begins in Boston 1828 Election of Andrew Jackson 1828 Passage of the "Tariff of Abominations" 1829 Publication of "David Walker's Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World" 1830 Founding of Mormonism 1830 Opening of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 1830 Passage of the Indian Removal Act 1831 William Lloyd Garrison begins publication of the "Liberator" 1832 Beginning of Nullification Crisis 1832 Worcester v. Georgia 1832 Reelection of Jackson 1832 Jackson vetoes renewal of Second Bank of the United States 1833 founding of the American Anti-Slavery Society 1834 First strike by the "Lowell Girls" 1834 Whig Party organized 1835 Publication of Alexis de Tocqueville's Democracy in America 1836 congress passes the "gag rule" 1836 Jackson issues Specie Circular 1836 Texas Independence 1836 Battle of Alamo 1837 Elijah Lovejoy murdered by proslavery mob 1838 "Trail of Tears" 1840 formation of the Liberty Party 1840 Election of William Henry Harrison 1841 John Tyler assumes presidency upon Harrison's death 1841 Brook Farm founded 1843 Dorothea Dix organizes movement for asylum reform 1844 Election of James Polk 1844 Samuel Morse invents the telegraph 1845 beginning of Irish "potato famine" 1845 Texas annexation and statehood 1846 Resolution of dispute with Great Britain over Oregon territory 1846 creation of the Independent Treasury 1846 beginning of Mexican war 1846 Beginning of the Mexican-American war 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends Mexican war 1848 Gold found in California 1848 Seneca Falls Convention 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican-American war 1850 Compromise of 1850 1851 Herman Melville writes "Moby Dick" 1852 Publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe 1854 Ostend Manifesto 1856 Beginning of "Bleeding Kansas" 1856 the beating of Senator Charles Sumner 1857 Dred Scott v Sanford decision 1859 John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry arsenal 1860 Election of Abraham Lincoln 1860 South Carolina succeeds from the United States 1861 Six more states, all from the deep south, secede 1861 First Confiscation Act 1861 Inauguration of Lincoln 1861 Fighting at Fort Sumter; Civil war begins 1861 four more states, from the upper south, secede 1862 Homestead Acts 1862 Second Constitution Act 1862 Morrill Land Grant Act 1862 Dakota War 1862 Robert E. Lee becomes commander of Confederate army; achieves significant battlefield victories 1863 Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg 1863 New York city Draft Riots 1863 the Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect 1864 Sherman's march on the sea 1864 Grant besieges Richmond 1864 Reelection of Lincoln 1865 Freedmen's Bureau established 1865 Lincoln assassinated; Andrew Johnson assumes presidency 1865 13th amendment ratified 1865 Richmond falls; Confederacy surrenders 1865 southern states begin to pass Black Codes 1866 Ex Parte Milligan 1866 Civil Rights Act passes 1866 Ku Klux Klan formed 1866 Medicine Lodge Treaty establishes the reservation system 1867 Reconstruction Acts passed; beginning of the Congressional Reconstruction 1867 Tenure of Office Act 1868 Johnson impeached 1868 14th amendment ratified 1869 founding of the Knights of Labor 1870 15th amendment ratified 1873 Panic of 1873 1874 Alexander Graham Bell develops the telephone 1875 Civil Rights Act 1876 Disputed election between Samuel J. Tilden (Democrat) and Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) 1876 The battle of the Little Big Horn/Custer's Last stand 1877 compromise ends Reconstruction; Hayes becomes president 1877 Great railroad strike
