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Legislative-makes laws, Executive-executes the laws, judicial-interprets laws
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urbanization, rural population doubled, grew 700%
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an argument between South Carolina and federal government over the role of the national government
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Fought over slavery tore the nation apart
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California gold rush- 40,000 people migrated to the east Great plains- grassland of Central North America that extends from Mississippi river to rocky mountains homestead act- law saying 160 acres to anyone willing to settle land in the west
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president of the United States, killed by John Wilks Booth
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Souths leader was Ullasa S. Grant
North leader was Robert E. Lee -
Help the newley freedmen become part of society
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Lincolns -plan is also known as the 10% plan took it easy on the south.
Jonson- had a presidential pardon
Congress- 50% of voter very strict on south -
13th- Help souths economy
14th- Equality for all slaves
15th-end segregation -
Reunited the southern states, put the 14th Amendment (giving slaves citizenship)
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an active effort to improve society through donations of wealth
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First 10 amendments, protects induvial rights
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North and south about slavery, taxation,
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Reunite the nation, rebuild the south, instructor, encomny, protect newly freedmen, civil right, Lincon worked on it in 1863
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1.Natural resources-fertile soil, swift-moving water
2.Capital-Currency,corporations,bank loans
3.Labor-Birth rate, immigration
4.Technology-Telephone, electricity, factory
5.Consumers- mail orders, department stores, overseas market
6.Transportation- rivers,roads,railroads
7.Government cooperation- high tariffs, patent system, no interstate tax -
taxes on buying American goods
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Limited, hands-off government
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Were old immigrants who came from northern and western Europe(great Britain, Germany) before 1880
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boys worked the caol mines, 50% of the industrial workers were women and children, low pay, long hours, and poor conditions
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foundered a stander oil company in 1870. He became the nation's first billionaire.
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buying up resources, transporting, etc.
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Merging like companies together
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In law, a monopoly is a business entity that has significant market power,
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A place for immigrants with guarantee jobs, ad a place to stay with local families
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started in shipping and bought his first boat at 16. Later sold everything and went into the railroad then became the wealthiest man in America
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He was an "empire builder", he built the great northern railroad, and his home is now a historical site
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Said that the rich were meant to be rich. Said that the poor were lazy or weak. "hunt and kill" method to have power
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New immigrants more than one third came from southern or eastern Europe (Italy, Greece,)
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Immigration station that held Chinees immigrants
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He went from rags to riches, and controlled 25% of the steel industry.
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1.Worker issues- child labor, low wages, long hours, unsafe conditions
2. Urbanization - overcrowding, tenements, unsafe 3. Business- band labor unions, monopolies -
Prejudice native-born American who are against immigrants, fueled by culture difference
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changes wanted- government, pay, working conditions
problems of Gillage? Monopolies, captains of industry
What they want fixed- equal power, voting, labor unions, regulations, -
Located at the mouth of Hudson River between New York and New Jersey, immigration station, a purpose it served for more than 60 years
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Florence Kelly, she helped improve the lives of women and children, 1893. Ida Tarbell was an investigative journalist who wrote about standard oil company.Jane Adams made the Hull House
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separate but equal ended segregation
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The U.S helps Cuba because of trades, 1898 McKinley avoids war but extreme journalists (Joseph Pulitzer, William Hearst) and USS Maine exploded on Feb 15, 1898. war late April to August 1898, the U.S gained Putre Rico, Philippines, and Guam. The U.S becomes a world power
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He was known as "giant of finance", he was a banker and built companies like GE and AT&T
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writers who focus on negative things going on (Upton Sinclair- Jungle) ( Jacob Riis-How the other half lives 1809)
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145 women died, workers went on strike to get higher wages, shorter hours, and union labor. Owners Max Blank & Issac Harris
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The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (killed by Gavrilo Princip), Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism, Extreme Leaders
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Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, Turkey (Ottoman empire)
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imperialism(ending countries power), alliances(neutral benefits), nationalism(supporting your nation), militarism(government should have strong military) 1914-1918
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France, the U.S, Italy, Britain
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Assination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand killed by the Bosnian Serb. nationalist and the USS Maine was blown up
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Allied Powers- Britain, France, Russia Italy, U.S Neutral Powers- Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Denmark, Norway
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Trench-Protects from fire, 10ft deep. No man's land- space between trenches. Weapons- Mustard gas, Planes, Machine guns
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Telegram sent from Germany to Mexico trying to create an alliance(Zimmerman telegram), Submarine warfare, Wilison wanted to keep democracy
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Roosevelt (1901-1908), Howard(1908-1912), William(1912-1920), Eugene Debs was the socialist candidate.
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Florence Kelly, Eugene Debs socialist candidate, Robert La Follette Reform gov. of Wisconsin
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- Improve working conditions
- Probation
- Ending Laissez-faire
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Suffragettes, populists, temperance, labor union, civil rights
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YMCA, Salvation Army
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Federalism-power shared between government and state Limited Government- the power of government is restricted by the constitution Republicanism-people vote for elected representative to run a government Popular Sovereignty-people who hold unlimited power Constitutional Republic- people are limited by law
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16-1913 income taxes
17-1913 direct elections of senators
18-1919 banded transportation of alcohol
19-1920 women voting -
Protecting social welfare, Promoting moral improvement, Creating economic reform, fostering efficiency
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Reform- Changes things to make then better. Middle class- Not classified as rich or poor. Hull house- Settlement house for the poor. Recall- Vote to remove politicians from office Referendum-Citizens vote yes or no for a law Arbitration- Help two sides to compromise Secret Ballot- Vote in private Direct Primary - Voters choose candidates for elections Conservation- efforts to protect the environment Initative- Citizens place laws on the ballot
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Pure food and drug act- Have to label food Meat Inspection act- Gov. checks if the meat is good or bad. Hepburn Act- Gov power to set railroad. Sherman anti-trust act- limits the size of big power business. Progressivism- Movement that gets gov. involved in society. Interstate commerce commission-Gov. agency used to supervise railroad. Square deal- Theodore Roosevelt's plan to help people. Coal strike of 1902-Settled by Roosevelt because of arbitration.
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Bull Moose Party-Roosevelts party in the election of 1912. Clayton Antitrust Act-Strengthened Sherman Anit-trust act. New Freedom-Name of Woodrow Wilson's plan to help people. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)-Gov. agency that watches over businesses. Payne-Aldrich Tariff- Raised the tariff to almost 50%. Democrat- Wilsions polital party. Underwood Tariff-Lowered the tariff for the first time scince Civil war. Federal Reserve Act -Imrove banking system.
