-
The first instance of media for instructional purposes
This can be traced back as early as the start of the twentieth century when School Museums began making their debut. The first museum opened 1905 in St. Louis. -
"Visual Education"
When The Keystone View Company published "Visual Education" which was a teachers guide, it started a movement of using media in the School Museums -
First Catalog of Instructional Films
The first catalog of instructional films in The United States was published in 1910. -
John B Watson Classical Conditioning
In 1913 John B Watson posted an article stating that human behavior would explain all of human psychology -
Period: to
Edison Declares a Change
This change that Thomas Edison predicted was that books would become obsolete and humans would be taught through motion picture. Five professional organizations for visual instruction were established along with five journals which focused on visual instruction -
Period: to
New Learning Theories
By the 1920's John B Watson's classical conditioning method was beginning to be challenged by studies and research by new behaviorist -
Period: to
Radio in Education
In the 1930s it was predicted that radio would revolutionize the way the education system was instructing. -
Cognitive Learning Theory
Jean Piaget's Cognitive Learning Theory was introduced in 1936. -
B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning was introduced by B.F. Skinner who believed behavior can be shaped by reinforcements to get a desired behavior. -
Division of Visual Aids for War Training
The Government established the Division of Visual Aids for War Training which led to the production of 457 training films. These film reduced training time and were also more appealing to viewers. -
Period: to
World War II Speeds Up Development
During the war the U.S. Army Air Force produced more than 400 training films and 600 film strips. These training films were a very useful resource in preparing our troops -
Period: to
Training is a system
After success in the war, many psychologists who were involved began viewing training as a system, and developed a number of innovative analysis, design and evaluation procedures. This theory was backed up in an article by B.F. Skinner who is known for jumpstarting this revolution by analyzing increasing human learning and effective instructional materials -
Growth in Television Education
In 1952 the Federal Communications Commission made the decision to set aside 242 channels for educational purposes. -
Taxonomy of Learning
Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning was introduced in 1956, he wanted to advocate high level thinking in education -
Criterion-Referenced Testing
Criterion-referenced testing was another step in developing the instructional design process. The test was intended to measure how well an individual can perform a particular behavior, independent of how well others may have performed. -
Educational Broadcasting
A new form of receiving instructions became common in the 1960s with the start of educational broadcasting through television -
The Conditions of Learining
In Robert Gagne's book he describes verbal information, intellectual skills, psychomotor skills, attitudes and cognitive strategies as the five domains of learning outcomes. In another effort to promote effective learning, he also described the nine events of instruction. His writings left a major impact on the instruction design filed -
The Conditions of Learning
Robert Gagne writes a book "The Conditions of Learning'' that define the nine levels of effective learning -
Period: to
Growth in the 70s
The U.S. Military designed an updated instructional design model to teach training materials. Many graduate programs in instructional design were also introduced at Universities. Also, in business and industry instructional design was being used to improve training. -
Period: to
Change in the Instructional Design Field
Many workers in the instructional design field began making the decision to change to computer based instructions. This led to an emphasis on developing new models of instructional design to take advantage of the computers capabilities. -
Instructions through Computers in the US
After computers became available to the public, they were soon being used for instructional purposes by more than 40% of elementary school and 75% of secondary schools -
University Electronic Network
The network was established to help colleges and universities move to the use of online courses. The network offered its own online class through a software, 2 years later. -
Computers role in our education system
Papert predicts that computers will spark a change in our education system -
The Definition of IDT
In 1994 Seels and Richey defined IDT as "the theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources of learning" -
Period: to
Computer and Digital Technology
Instruction by use of computer and digital technology has grown rapidly over the last few decades. Especially with the debut of the Internet -
2008 Statistics Show The Impact of IDT
The instructional design field has had a huge impact on improvement of learning and performance in the workplace. 75% of employees in business and industry reported that they used knowledge bases to help them learn and perform their jobs, while 74% reported using support tools and 67% used online communities.