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The six Hanoverian monarchs ruled Great Britain between 1714 and 1901. But it was a dynasty of unpopular and much-criticised British monarchs.
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The Industrial Revolution brought about profound economic and social changes. It was the transition from an agrarian and craft-based economy to one dominated by mechanized industry and factories. This revolution had far-reaching consequences for the structure of society, work, and living conditions.
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Key event in European history. It began to demonstrate the power of popular agitation and it had a complex influence on Great Britain because it inspired both radical and conservative movements. -
Emergence of radical and reform movements, like the London Corresponding Society which wanted to replace royal and aristocratic rule with representative government based on the Rights or Man
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Parliament introduced repressive measures like the Treasonable Practices Act and the Seditious Meetings Act in an attempt to suppress political dissent and radical movements.
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Popular insurrection against the British Crown made by radicals: the Society of United Irishmen -
This union resulted in the creation of a single political entity, encompassing the island of Great Britain and the island of Ireland, governed by a single parliament in London. But it was marked by political, religious, and social divisions, particularly in Ireland. -
A crowd gathered at St Peter's Fields in central Manchester to hear a pro-reform speech from Henry "Orator" Hunt and demand the reform of parliamentary representation. But the authorities sent troops and eleven people were killed. It highlighted the struggle for political reform and the tension between the working class and the government during this era. -
The Despard Conspiracy was a plot to assassinate members of the British government and it revealed concerns about political radicalism and the potential for violence in Britain during the early 19th century. It led to a strengthening of the government's repressive measures against political activists. -
It is a period of intense political debates and tensions surrounding proposed parliamentary reform and expansion of suffrage. The crisis ultimately led to the Reform Act of 1832, which brought about significant changes to the British electoral system.
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The Duke of Wellington's Tory government faced challenges regarding the issue of parliamentary reform and was forced to resign. Following his resignation, the Wellington administration gave way to the Grey government, a Whig government, which was more supportive of reform.
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It was a period of political and social turbulence. Public support for parliamentary reform had never been greater leading to demonstrations, riots, and disturbances in various cities.
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The British government, led by Prime Minister Charles Grey, introduced the Reform Bill of 1831 in Parliament. It passed the House of Commons but was rejected by the House of Lords in October. This led to protests, riots and demonstrations across the country, demanding reform.
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This reform extended the right to vote to a broader section of the population, redistributing parliamentary seats and reducing corruption in the electoral system.