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Programmed Instruction
B.F. Skinner creates %u201Cprogrammed instruction%u201D. In 1954, B. F. Skinner%u2019s article, %u201CThe Science of Learning the Art of Teaching%u201D was a huge influence in the field of education. His work in this article and following articles called on the importance of programmed instructional materials, immediate feedback, questions, teaching in small steps, to increase human learning. Also, the trial and revision process, or today called the formative evaluation, is used today in many instructional design model -
Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
%u201CTaxonomy of Educational Objectives%u201D by Benjamin Bloom is published. This hierarchical approach to learning acquisition has had and continues to have an effect on the systematic design of instruction. http://ereserves.library.csulb.edu/tempfiles/tmp35634/etec510_chen_reiser_12.pdf -
SAKI
SAKI ( developed by Gordon Pask and Robin McKinnon-Wood), the first adaptive teaching system goes into commercial production. It taught keyboard skills and calibrated learning based on the learners performance. As the performance level increased, so did the the instructional support decreased. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_virtual_learning_environments -
Sprial Curriculum
The spiral curriculum' discusses of the importance of structure; readiness for learning; intuitive and analytical thinking; motives for learning; and aids to teaching. //http://www.infed.org/biblio/b-learn.htm// -
ABCD Model
The ABCD model for instructional objectives [[http://www.mdfaconline.org/presentations/ ABCDmodel.doc|www.mdfaconline.org/presentations/ ABCDmodel.doc]] -
Problem Based Learning
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional method of hands-on, active learning centered on the investigation and resolution of messy, real-world problems.Originators: Late 1960s at the medical school at McMaster University in Canada. //http://www.learning-theories.com/page/2// -
Cognitive Load Theory
1980%u2019s: Cognitive Load Theory developed by Sweller. Refers to the %u201Cload of working memory during instruction.%u201D For example, the %u201Ccognitive load%u201D is much higher when trying to learn a concept in a foreign language because the learner must first translate the language in their mind and try to understand the concept at the same time. Sweller%u2018s theory %u201Cmakes use of schemas as the unit of analysis for the design of instructional materials%u201D. It provides guidelines %u201Cintended to assist in the presentati -
Generative Learning Theory
1980%u2019s: Merlin Wittrock developed the Generative Learning Theory. He suggested that %u201Cfor reading comprehension to occur, readers must actively construct relationships between the information in the text and their background knowledge.%u201D Therefore, teachers can improve comprehension by %u201Cproviding learning experienced that cause readers to actively make connections between their background knowledge and the text%u201D http://www.siue.edu/MLTE/LA%20Modules%20DONE/generative_learning_theory.htm AND http:/ -
Computer Based Instruction
1980%u2019s: Computer Based Instruction (CBI) increased a great deal throughout the eighties. It centered around a deliberate %u201Cemphasis on design for interactivity and learner control.%u201D http://www.about-elearning.com/history-of-e-learning.html Essentially, %u201Cthe process of improving performance through non-instructional and instructional interventions.%u201D http://www.educ.ucok.edu/subwebs/aps/ppatterson/InstructionalDesignI/ch3%20history.ppt AND http://www.newmediaidt.com/pages/timeline.html -
Component Display Theory
Edit This Page + P lease follow the instruction on the class notes for session 2 and post the facts that you gathered here. Remember to include the sources. 1950 - 1959
Advances in computer technology: 1950 First Electronic computer introduced in Japan (retrieved on February 4, 2009 from http://www.computerhope.com/history/).
NICAD battery begins service (retrieved on February 4, 2009 from http://www.computerhope.com/history/).
1951 MIT creates the Whirlwind computer (retri -
Virtual Learning Environment
1991 - Virtual Learning Environment
"Formal Systems Inc. of Princeton, NJ, USA introduces a DOS-based Assessment Management System. An internet version was introduced in 1997. (In 2000, Formal Systems changed its name to Pedagogue Solutions)."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_virtual_learning_environments_1990s** -
WebQuests
1995 - Webquest
"A WebQuest is an inquiry-oriented lesson format in which most or all the information that learners work with comes from the web. The model was developed by Bernie Dodge at San Diego State University in February, 1995 with early input from SDSU/Pacific Bell Fellow Tom March the Educational Technology staff at San Diego Unified School District, and waves of participants each summer at the Teach the Teachers Consortium."
http://my-ecoach.com/idtimeline/1990s.html\
http://webquest.o