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Vasco De Gama's journey began in 1497 when he bagan exploring the East African Coast. When they reached India, they filled their ships with many spices and returned to Portugal in 1499. His journey was 27000 miles.
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The British East India Company set up trading posts in Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. The British East India Company was the leading powder in India.
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At the end of Aurangzeb's reign, he took all of the empires' resources as well as it's power. His people began to die, and they were losing all loyalty to him.
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Farmers started to take much larger areas of land. They experimented with more productive seeding as well as harvesting methods. Small farmers were forced to give up farming and move into the cities.
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In 1857, they began making rifle cartridges out of pork. Hindus and Muslims cannot eat pork. They began to rebel, but those that rebelled were jailed. In 1858, the British government took direct command of India.
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India was considered the "jewel in the crown" of all of the British colonies because of its raw materials. They set restrictions on businesses ran by Indians.
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The British government took direct command of India. The part of IUndia that was under British rule was called the Raj.
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In 1885, the Indian National Congress was created. They were formed to get rid of Indian foreign rule and gain independence.
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The Muslim League was established in 1906 to protect the Indian Muslim interests. This led to the idea of India being divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations. Their leader was Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
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In order to protest the Rowlatt Acts, 10,000 Muslims and Hindus went to Amritsar to hear political speeches. The British government banned these public meetings. The British commander ordered his troops to fire on the crowd, and they killed about 400 Indians.
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The British passed the Rowlatt Acts in 1919. These were laws that allowed the British government in India to jail the anti-British protesters without trial for as long as 2 years.
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Mohandas Gandhi was the leader of the independence movement. In 1920, he urged the INC to follow the policy of noncooperation of the British. Then, the Congress Party endorsed civil disobedience as well as non-violence as for the means of independence.
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The Congress Party endorsed civil disobedience and non-violence to achieve independence. Gandhi launched his campaign of civil disobedience to weaken the British government authority and economic power.
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Gandhi hated the Salt Acts because Indians could only buy salt from the government. Indians also had to pay salt taxes. In 1930, Gandhi and his followers walked 240 miles to the seacoast and began to make their own salt.
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The British Parliament passed the Government of India Act. This provided local self- government and limited democratic elections.
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Muslims resisted against the Indian government being dominated by Hindus. In August 1946, they fought in Calcutta where 5,000 people were killed. A partition was established.
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Partition was the term given to divide India into two separate nations. One nation was Muslims, and the other was Hindus. Northwest and eastern regions of India became mostly Muslims or current day Pakistan.
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The British House of Commons granted India and Pakistan its independence. The final challenge was for Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs to decide where to go.
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A Hindu extremist shot Gandhi. He thought he was too protective of Muslims.
